International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2623
A Fast convergent frequency-domain MIMO equalizer for few-mode
fiber communication systems
Kovvuri Rakesh Reddy
1
, Prof. S.Revathi
2
1
Student, Dept. of Electronics and communication Engineering, VIT University, INDIA,
2
Prof, Dept. of Electronics and communication Engineering, VIT University, INDIA.
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Abstract - Polarization-division multiplexing (PDM) has
emerged as a next-generation technology to sustain the
continuous traffic growth, in order to keep up with the future
of Internet bandwidth requirement and one of the
fundamental challenges in FMF transmission systems is the
random inter-modal crosstalk between any two polarization
modes. Another significant challenge is the large accumulated
PMD, which can induce significant inter-symbol interference
(ISI) on each polarized mode signal in PDM systems. The large
accumulated PMD and an increasing number of multiplexed
channels need very complex DSP hardware for MIMO
processing and an urgent efficient solution is needed to
mitigate the impact of booming internet penetration. We
compare different mainstream blind and adaptive algorithms
in order to find the algorithm that have better error
convergence performance and efficient computational
complexity.
Key Words: Equalizers; Adaptive; Polarization Division
Multiplexing, Chromatic Dispersion, Polarization Mode
Dispersion
1. INTRODUCTION
The data rates of optical communication networks have
been widely increased but at data rates of more than 10 Gb/s,
the performance of long-haul high-capacity optical fiber
communication systems is significantly decreased by
transmission impairments such as residual chromatic
dispersion (CD), polarization-mode dispersion (PMD), laser
phase noise and Kerr fiber nonlinearities. Generally, these
linear impairments are compensated for in the optical
domain, CD is compensated using dispersion compensating
fiber or fiber Bragg gratings and PMD is avoided through
fiber selection or compensated with an optical PMD
compensator.
Over the past four decades with the introduction and
development of coherent detection, advanced modulation
formats, and digital signal processing techniques these
advancements promoted the growth of optical
communication towards high-capacity and long-distance
transmissions. With the entire capture of the amplitude and
phase of the signals using coherent optical detection, the
compensation and mitigation of the transmission
impairments can be implemented using the digital signal
processing in electrical domain this technique is generally
called equalization which deals with inter-symbol
interference in communication systems.
There is no principal difference between a fiber optic
channel and e.g. a radio channel in terms of ISI; the received
baseband signal is distorted in a similar manner in both
systems, i.e. symbols spread out over neighboring symbols as
they propagate through the channel. Consequently, equalizer
techniques used for radio and other systems should in
essence be viable for fiber optic links as well. However, one
important difference is that while a radio channel can usually
be considered as linear, a fiber optic channel exhibits
nonlinear characteristics which degrades the signal over
transmission.
So digital signal processing in optical communication
enabled next-generation optical communication networks to
achieve a performance close to the Shannon capacity limit to
which we are closer than ever before. Long before we know
we are touching the Shannon limit in order to solve this
problem Polarization-division multiplexing (SDM) has
emerged as a next-generation technology to sustain the
continuous traffic growth, in order to keep up with the future
of Internet bandwidth requirement. Among PDM
technologies, PDM using few-mode fiber (FMF) transmission
has been extensively explored [1]. and with the help of
advanced DSP components it offered huge gains in data
capacities that can be carried over optical networks [2].
In the digital coherent transmission systems, the output
from the photodiodes are sampled and transformed into the
discrete signals using high-speed analogue-to-digital
convertors (ADCs), which can be further processed by the
DSP algorithms.
Figure (1.1): Schematic of coherent optical
communication system with digital signal processing.
In the early era of optical communication networks
various methods have been developed to increase the
communications system performance by reducing the effects
of the ISI. In this project we compare and analyze the
performance of different algorithms blind and adaptive that
aid the DSP in 100 Gbps DP-QPSK optical communication
system in reducing the ISI and the Polarization Mode
Dispersion from the received de-multiplexed data that