Abba S, Omotoso. O Dare, Joseph Ibrahim M, Eyinna O. Hemorrhagic Centrolobar Necrosis and Cytoplasmic Vacuolation of the Hepatocytes in Syzygium Guineense Chronic Treated Mice. Int J Anat Appl Physiol. 2018;4(4):99-102. 99 OPEN ACCESS https://scidoc.org/IJAAP.php International Journal of Anatomy & Applied Physiology (IJAAP) ISSN 2572-7451 Hemorrhagic Centrolobar Necrosis and Cytoplasmic Vacuolation of the Hepatocytes in Syzygium Guineense Chronic Treated Mice Research Article Abba S 1,2* , Omotoso. O Dare 2 , Joseph Ibrahim M 3 , Eyinna O 4 1 Department of Anatomy, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Mekelle University, Ethiopia. 2 Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Kogi State University Anyigba, Nigeria. 3 Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Kogi State University Anyigba, Nigeria. 4 Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Kogi State University Anyigba, Nigeria. Introduction Plants that are commonly used in traditional medicine are assumed to be safe and their safety is based on their long usage in the treatment of diseases according to knowledge accumulated over centuries. However, recent studies have showed that many plants used as food or in traditional medicine are potentially toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic [1, 2]. A World Health Organization survey indicated that about 70-80% of the world population rely on non-conventional medicine mainly of plant sources in their primary healthcare [3]. In Ethiopia over 85% of the population relies on traditional medicine for the fght against various diseases [4]. Plant remedies still remain the most important and sometimes the only source of therapeutics for nearly 80% of the population, in Ethiopia and the Sub Saharan Africans [5]. In Ethiopia, there are traditional medicines that have been used by many folk medicine practitioners without taking into consideration their side effects on different parts of the body [6]. Syzygium guineense is one of such medicinal plants in use. S. guineense grows in most parts of Ethiopia at altitudes of 1200- 2500m [7] and is traditionally used as a remedy for diarrhea, stomach pain and intestinal cramps [6]. Both the hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of the leaves of S. guineense was found to be effective at the dose of 200mg/ kg in controlling castor oil induced diarrhea in mice by oral administration [8]. Same study also demonstrated that the leaf and stem bark extracts had spasmolytic effect in Guinea pig ileum. Phytochemical investigation of S. guineense showed the presence of tannins, phytosteriods, favonoids and saponins in some of the crude extracts and fractionates [8]. Eugenin, an active ingredient found at buds of Syzygium Spp; had antiviral effect against Herpes simplex [6, 9]. According to [10] Syzygium guineense had potent *Corresponding Author: Sunday Abba, Department of Anatomy, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Mekelle University, Ethiopia. Tel: +2348159344263 E-mail: suneabba007@gmail.com Received: July 21, 2018 Accepted: September 07, 2018 Published: September 29, 2018 Citation: Abba S, Omotoso. O Dare, Joseph Ibrahim M, Eyinna O. Hemorrhagic Centrolobar Necrosis and Cytoplasmic Vacuolation of the Hepatocytes in Syzygium Guineense Chronic Treated Mice. Int J Anat Appl Physiol. 2018;4(4):99-102. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2572-7451-1800018 Copyright: Abba S © 2018. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract A World Health Organization survey indicated that about 70-80% of the world population rely on non-conventional medicine mainly of plant sources in their primary healthcare. In Ethiopia over 85% of the population relies on traditional medicine for the fght against various diseases. Syzygium guineense is one of such medicinal plants in use. It is traditionally used as a remedy for diarrhea, stomach pain and intestinal cramps. The toxic effects of these plants are often not put into considerations when they are being used. In this study we attempted to investigate the toxic effect of Syzygium guineense. On the histopathology of the liver of mice we choose the Liver because it is the major metabolic organ. Chronic administration of the aqueous of the extract of Syzygium guineense was found to be toxic to the hepatocytes as the micrograph showed increase vaculations, and shrinkage of the hepatocytes. There was also a general decrease in body weight and enlarged liver. Keywords: Hepatocyte; Toxic; Syzygium; Guineense; Acqeous. Abbreviations: EHNRI: Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute; ANOVA: Analysis of Variance.