LATIN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVES, Issue 215, Vol. 44 No. 4, July 2017, 10–23
DOI: 10.1177/0094582X16658265
© 2016 Latin American Perspectives
10
Attempts at Neoliberal Urban Planning
in Postearthquake Chile
Master Plans for Reconstruction
by
Walter Imilan and Luis Eduardo González
Translated by
Margot Olavarria
Urban and regional reconstruction after the February 27, 2010, earthquake and tsu-
nami in Chile was organized by master plans at the local level. These plans, based on
public-private partnerships, can be considered an innovation as an instrument of postdi-
saster reconstruction. They emerged as a commitment to privatization of urban planning
in Chile. An analysis of two master plans based on field research carried out between 2011
and 2014 reveals that they had limited impact because of weak public-private ties, lack of
comprehensiveness, and lack of legitimacy. They can be read as failed attempts at neolib-
eral deepening at the level of urban and regional administration.
Después del terremoto y del sunami del 27 de febrero de 2010 en Chile la reconstrucción
urbana y regional fue organizada usando planes maestros a nivel local. Estos planes, con
base en alianzas público-privadas, pueden considerarse una innovación como instrumento
de reconstrucción posterior a un desastre. Surgieron como una transigencia con la privati-
zación de la planificación urbana en Chile. El análisis de dos planes maestros con base en el
trabajo de campo que se llevó a cabo entre 2011 y 2014 revela que esos planes tuvieron un
impacto limitado debido a la debilidad de los lazos entre el sector público y el sector privado,
la falta de un enfoque amplio y la falta de legitimidad. Se pueden entender como esfuerzos
fallidos de la profundización neoliberal al nivel de la administración urbana y regional.
Keywords: Reconstruction, Master plans, Maule Region, Neoliberal planning
Chile has an ancient seismic history.
1
In just the past 100 years, there have
been 20 seismic events registering over 6.5 on the Richter scale (Centro
Sismológico Nacional, 2013). There is consensus that socio-natural catastrophes
can be treated as opportunities for the development of the affected areas (Archer
and Boonyabancha, 2011). In fact, the seismic experience in Chile has played an
important role in the country’s history of urban housing; postdisaster recon-
struction has been a source of new urban policies for increasing communities’
resilience. The 1928 earthquake (Talca, 8 on the Richter scale) led to the formu-
lation of the country’s first model for urban regulation, and the reconstruction
Walter Imilan is a professor at Universidad Central de Chile. Luis Eduardo González is an archi-
tect and member of the Sustainability, Resilience and Urban Regeneration Researcher Group of
the Universidad del Bío-Bío. Margot Olavarria is a political scientist and translator living in New
York City.
658265LAP XX X 10.1177/0094582X16658265LATIN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVESImilan and González / NEOLIBERAL URBAN PLANNING IN CHILE
research-article 2016