Drug Invention Today | Vol 11 • Issue 1 • 2019 44 Antioxidant activity of mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.) extracted using different solvents at the different times Andri Kusmayadi 1,2 *, Lovita Adriani 1 , Abun Abun 1 , Muchtaridi Muchtaridi 3 , Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria 1 INTRODUCTION Mangosteen is a seasonal plant which can be found in almost all parts of Indonesia. [1] Nowadays, mangosteen is not only used as food but it is also used as functional food, especially its peel which has the highest level of xanthone compared to the other parts of the fruit. [2] Xanton is a bioactive compound in mangosteen which has many pharmacological properties because it contains very high antioxidant compounds. [3] Antioxidants are needed by the body to prevent free radicals and improve health and immunity. [4] Antioxidant compounds can be isolated using extraction method with certain solvents [5] in a certain time. [6] Antioxidant compounds in mangosteen peel extract which have been isolated are reflected in antioxidant activity. [7] The testing of antioxidant activity in capturing free radicals can use several methods, Research Article 1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia, 2 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Perjuangan, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia, 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia *Corresponding author: Andri Kusmayadi, Department of Animal Science, Universitas Perjuangan, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. Phone: +62 85221610966. E-mail: andrikusmayadi1@gmail.com Received on: 19-05-2018; Revised on: 16-06-2018; Accepted on: 25-07-2018 Access this article online Website: jprsolutions.info ISSN: 0975-7619 but the most common one is diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. [8] Antioxidant activity in mangosteen peel extract is largely determined by several factors, especially solvents and extraction time, which determine the extraction results. [9] The effectiveness and efficiency of the extraction process are largely determined by the type of solvent used because it contains different polarity indexes. [10] The other results report that DPPH antioxidant capacity in the extraction process is strongly influenced by the extraction time. [11] The extraction method which will be carried out in this study is maceration method by immersing the sample either in single or mixed solvent with a certain duration (generally between 1 and 2 days) without heating. [12] Until now, there is no study which has been conducted about the effect of various types of solvents and extraction time on the antioxidant activity of the mangosteen peel extract. This study will extract mangosteen peel using seven types of solvents with different polarity indexes in different times. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of ABSTRACT Background: Extraction is conducted to extract the important compounds in mangosteen peel using solvents at the different time. Extraction time needs to be calculated so that the bioactive compound can be extracted optimally using the most efficient solvent. The extraction of mangosteen peel was conducted by soaking in solvent at particular time (1-2 days in general) without heating. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of different solvents and maceration time on antioxidant activity of mangosteen peel extract. Materials and Methods: The present research was conducted by extracting mangosteen peel using ethanol (EtOH), acetone (Ace), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methanol (MetOH), hexane (HX), acetic acid (AcetAc) and aquadest (Aqua) at 24, 36 and 48h. Antioxidant activity was examined using visible UV spectrophotometer at the particular wavelength. Result and Discussion: The result showed that the type of solvent and extraction time significantly (P<0.01) affected antioxidant activity. Acetone extract of mangosteen peel is the most optimal solvent for antioxidant activity in extraction time for 24 hours (IC 50 = 9,468 + 0,324 ppm). A further test was required to obtain a better result using HPLC method. Conclusion: It was evidenced that the properties of solvents, particularly polarity index and time, significantly affected antioxidant activity. KEY WORDS: Antioxidant activity, Mangosteen peel extract, Solvents, Maceration time