Quality of Natural Adhesives from Jelutung (Dyera polyphylla) ..........................................(Istihanah Nurul Eskani & Titiek Pujilestari) IUFRO • INAFOR 2017-POSTER E8 Quality of Natural Adhesives from Jelutung (Dyera polyphylla) and Kudo (Lannea coromandelica ) Tree Sap for Craft Making Istihanah Nurul Eskani 1 , Titiek Pujilestari Center for Handicraft and Batik, Jl. Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, Indonesia 1 hana.eskani@gmail.com ABSTRACT Adhesives commonly used in craft industries are made by synthetic based materials that have been identifed to be unsafe for human health and the environment. This research aimed to develop an adhesive by using natural raw materials of Jelutung (Dyera polyphylla) and Kudo (Lannea coromandelica) tree sap. To obtain the adhesive, Jelutung sap was dissolved in toluene and heated in waterbath at temperature of 80 0 C for 1 hour. Maleic Anhydride (MAH) and Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) with amount of 5% and 0.75% by weight of Jelutung sap respectively were added to increase the compatibility between the adhesive and the adherent. The Kudo sap based adhesives were produced by using the same method as the adhesive of Jelutung but by use of water as solvent. The physical properties of the adhesives were evaluated and then compared to SNI 06-6049-1999 PVAc Adhesive. The performances of the adhesives were also observed by applying them to a craft material of Jomok (Arthocarpus elastica) tree bark. The mechanical properties were tested and then compared to the performance of synthetic adhesives. The results show that the physical properties of adhesives from Kudo tree sap meet the SNI and the mechanical properties were comparable to the performance of synthetic adhesives, so that it can potentially be used in the craft industry. However, the adhesive made of Jelutung sap have a poor performance when it was used in the craft production. Keywords: Natural adhesives, Jelutung (Dyera polyphylla) tree sap, Kudo (Lannea coromandelica) tree sap 1. INTRODUCTION Adhesives are one of the important materials in industry particularly in craft production. Craft industry is a creative industry to produce decorative items for home or fashion. Adhesive commonly used in the craft industry is a synthetic adhesive called yellow glue and white glue (PVAc). The synthetic adhesives are identifed to be unsafe for human health as it solvent contains Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD). If LSD substances frequently inhaled by human will cause hallucinations and damage the nervous system and other organs (Kasim, 2013). On the other hand, formaldehyde-based adhesives such as urea formaldehyde (UF), melamine formaldehyde (MF) and phenol formaldehyde (PF) usually used in the wood industry emit formaldehyde vapour that causes symptoms of dizziness, shortness of breath and insomnia (Karliati, 2014). This research was aimed to develop adhesives derived from natural plant materials without the use of formaldehyde. The raw materials used in this research were Jelutung (Dyera polyphylla) and Kudo (Lannea coromandelica) tree sap. Jelutung (Dyera polyphylla) is originally from Southeast Asia. In Indonesia, it widely grows in Sumatra and Kalimantan including Jambi, Riau, North Sumatra, West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan and South Kalimantan (Sofyuddin, 2013). Jelutung wood has been usually used for making pencils, plywood, partition board, and sap as raw materials of gum, 453