International Journal of Advanced Science and Research 27 International Journal of Advanced Science and Research ISSN: 2455-4227, Impact Factor: RJIF 5.12 www.allsciencejournal.com Volume 2; Issue 3; May 2017; Page No. 27-31 Antigingivitis effect of Coenzyme Q10 on plaque induced chronic gingivitis 1 Dr. Rajesh Kashyap, 2 Dr. Julia P Jacob, 3 Dr. Shashikanth Hegde, 4 Dr. Arun Kumar MS 1, 4 Professor, Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India 2 Post Graduate, Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India 3 Professor & Head of Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India Abstract CoQ10 is of nutritional nature and is an intracellular antioxidant which is widely distributed in the tissues of the human body. A deficiency of CoQ10 at gingival sites may exist independently of and /or because of periodontal disease. Aims: The present study was designed with the aim to evaluate the antigingivitis effect of coenzyme Q10 on plaque induced gingivitis Methods and material: A total 40 systemically healthy gingivitis subjects aged 16-64 years, were divided into 2 groups randomly, control group (A):-20 subjects with gingivitis were treated with scaling, test group (B):-20 subjects with gingivitis were treated with scaling and topical application of Perio Q gel for a period of 28 days.Statistical analysis. Repeated two way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc tukey test for intergroup comparisons. Results. There was statistically significant reduction in plaque index scores, gingival scores and sulcular bleeding scores in the control group but in the test group showed a gradual reduction in sulcular bleeding index. There was a clinical improvement in both the tests and controls Conclusion Topical application of PerioQ gel along with mechanical debridement has improved clinical parameters. Further long term clinical trials in larger sample sizes with long term revaluation are needed for their use in routine supportive periodontal therapy. Keywords: coenzyme q10, plaque induced gingivitis, plaque index, sulcular bleeding index, antioxidants Introduction Coenzyme Q10 was discovered by Fred Crane and his colleagues in 1957 in beef heart mitochondria at the University of Wisconsin. Because of its ubiquitous presence in nature and its quinone structure (similar to that of vitamin K), it is also known as ubiquinone [2] . It is as a cofactor in the electron-transport chain and helps in the synthesis of ATP thus it is essential for the health of virtually all human tissues and organs [4] . CoQ10 deficiency appears to be greatest in cells that are metabolically active (such as those in the heart, immune system, gingiva, and gastric mucosa. Since oral administration of CoQ10 can increase tissue levels of the nutrient, it is possible to correct CoQ10 deficiency [3] . Periodontal disease is an infectious disease causing inflammation of supporting tissues of teeth such as gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone leading to tissue destruction and tooth loss. A deficiency of CoQ10 at gingival sites may exist independently of and /or because of periodontal disease. In such patients’ dental treatment and oral hygiene could correct plaque and calculus but not that part of deficiency of CoQ10 due to systemic cause. Thus periodontal therapy with CoQ10 can be included for an overall improvement of gingival health in periodontal disease. The present study was designed with the aim to evaluate the antigingivitis effect of coenzyme Q10 on plaque induced gingivitis. Materials and Method A total 40 systemically healthy gingivitis subjects aged 16-64 years attending Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya dental college, Mangalore, were divided into 2 groups randomly. A detailed systemic and family history were recorded. Clinical periodontal findings were also recorded. All the participants had received verbal explanation of the nature of the study, and written informed consent were taken. The groups were randomly distributed into Control group (A):-20 subjects with gingivitis were treated with scaling. Test group (B):-20 subjects with gingivitis were treated with scaling and topical application of Perio Qgel. Individuals who were systemically healthy individuals with a minimum of 20 teeth having 3 posterior teeth in all three quadrants and gingival index scores GI≥1were included in the study. Patients with any systemic diseases and smokers and who had taken anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics for the past 3 months, pregnant or lactating mothers were excluded in the study. Procedure Baseline examinations were recorded. Clinical parameters was assessed at 7th, 14th, 21st and 28 th day. Clinical parameters which were recorded are the plaque index (PI; Silness and Loe 1964), gingival bleeding index (Muhlemann 1975), and gingival index (GI; Loe and Silness, 1963). Patients were motivated and standard oral hygiene instructions were given. On the 8 th day subjects were recalled and scaling was performed in control group (A) and topical application of the gel along with scaling were done in the test group (B). Perio-Q gel (Coenzyme Q10 gel manufactured by PERIOQ INC, Manchester, USA), supplied as a pack of gel, containing