Suaad Lateef Ibrahim et al, Int. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine (IJPSM), Vol.4 Issue. 1, January- 2019, pg. 1-6 ISSN: 2519-9889 Impact Factor: 3.426 © 2019, IJPSM All Rights Reserved, www.ijpsm.com 1 Risk Factor of Cystinuria and Applicable of Reliable Screening Test Suaad Lateef Ibrahim 1 ; Meison Abdulbary 2 1 Assist. Prof. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry / Faculty of Pharmacy /University of Kufa, Republic of Iraq 2 Assist. Prof. Dr., Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plant / Faculty of Pharmacy / University of Kufa, Republic of Iraq Abstract: One approach is to calculate the proportion of patients (pediatrics) with cystinuria disorder and know the efficacy of reliable cyanide nitroprusside test. We can say that a significant relationship between family history, and recurrence of urinary stone with cystinuria disorder. On the other hands, cyanide – nitroprusside test is simple to perform and should be carried out in the routine examination of cystinuria since early diagnosis of a cystinuria enables to timely treatment and family counseling, helps the patients in avoiding incorrect treatment, prevents the recurrence of renal stone and a serious a consequence of renal failure. Cystinuria is an inherited metabolic disorder categorized by the abnormal transport of some amino acids such as cystine, lysine, arginine, and ornithine. However, untreated cystinuria can cause the formation of calculi in the urinary system. The serious feature of cystinuria associated with stone disease which caused by defect in the intestinal absorption of cystine. In clinical practice the test of cystinuria was carried out using sodium nitroprusside test. The specimens which include 110 urine samples was collected from pediatrics from ESWL unit in Al- Sader medical city and others. Our results are limited to the behavior of the cystinria in pediatrics. Thus there are 15 cases were positives and 95 cases which are negatives. Prevalence was reported to be 14 % in studied population of Iraq country. Our plan to conduct through investigation of the risk factors associated with this disorder, such as family history and previous history of renal stone occurrence. As already stated, an analysis of results shows increased prevalence of cystinuria in persons whom belongs to the families afflicted with renal stone, since results demonstrated that RR = (1.58) (CI 95% = 0.87-2.22) and OR = (2.70)( CI 95% = 0.78-10.13) , and the prevalence = 45.5 %, additionally to that previous history occurrence exhibited RR = (2.30) ( CI 95% = 1.37-2.92), OR = (7.52) ( CI 95% = 1.79-36.37) and the prevalence = 41. % . Keywords: Cystinuria, Sodium nitroprusside test, prevalence, Odd ratio.