American Journal of Organic Chemistry 2017, 7(1): 13-18
DOI: 10.5923/j.ajoc.20170701.03
New Triterpenoid from the Roots of Calotropis gigantea
(L) Dryand (Asclepiadaceae)
Iman Omer
1,2
, Ibrahim Abdurrahman
1,3
‚ Yang Cai-Xia
1,*
1
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou City, China
2
School of Health Science, Ahfad Uuniversity for Women, Omdurman, Sudan
3
Unit of Basic Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zalingei, Zalingei, Sudan
Abstract Seven triterpenoid derivatives were isolated from the roots of Calotropis gigantea (L) Dryand, a Chinese
traditional medicinal plant. Their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data and comparison with
those in the literature. A new triterpenoid acetate derivative, compound 7, Calotropisis, was isolated and characterized by
spectral methods.
Keywords Calotropis gigantean, Acelepiadaceae, Triterpenoid derivatives
1. Introduction
Calotropis gigantea (L) Dryand (Asclepiadaceae) is
mostly distributed in tropical and semitropical areas, mainly
in Southwest China and South China in the wild [1-3]. It has
been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various
ailments like parasitic diseases, digestive bloating from gas,
cough, leprosy, and asthma by the people of the Li
nationality, who are indigenous to Hainan island in China.
Additionally, the plant is also used as a source of methane
through anaerobic fermentation for bio fuel production [4].
This plant has been thoroughly explored for its many
medicinal properties [5-7]. The chemistry of C. gigantea has
been extensively investigated, leading to the isolation, of
pregnanes [8, 9], flavonoids [10], a nonprotein amino acid
[11], cardenolides [12-14] and terpenes [15-19]. In the
present paper, we describe the isolation and structural
elucidation of new triterpenoid acetates identified as
calotropisis.
2. Experimental
2.1. Instrumentation and Materials
NMR Spectra were recorded on a Bruker-DRX-400-NMR,
(
1
H at 400Hz and
13
C at 100Hz) spectrometer (Bruker
Biospin Inc., Germany) and chemical shift values are
given on a δ (ppm) scale with TMS as internal standard.
2D-NMR experiment was performed using standard Bruker
* Corresponding author:
yangcx@nwnu.edu.cn (Yang Cai-Xia)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ajoc
Copyright © 2017 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
micro-program (XWIN-NMR version 2.6 software.
HR-EI-MS experiments were performed using a
micro-mass–QTOF micro instrument, with an electro-spray
ionization source (eV= 70 V, 80°C) (Waters Ltd., England).
Column chromatography was carried out on silica gel
(Merck kiesel gel 300-400 mesh, Qingdao Haiyang
Chemical Group Company, China), TLCs were carried out
on GF
254
silica gel plates (Merck, Qingdao Haiyang
Chemical Group Company, China). All solvents were of
commercial grade and used after further purification by
simple distillation.
2.2. Plant Material
The Roots of C. gigantea were collected in August 2016
from Hunan province, south of China, and the plant was
authenticated by prof. Chen Quan Yuan at the college of
biology, Northwest Normal University, China, where a
voucher specimen (No. 20141016) has been deposited in the
herbarium of author’s laboratory.
2.3. Extraction and Isolation
The roots of the C. gigantean (Linn.) were air-dried for
four weeks and ground into a powder. The root (15Kg) was
sequentially extracted three times with 17 liters of ethanol at
room temperature for 7 days each. Then, the extracts were
filtered through cotton and concentrated with a rotary
evaporator at 45°C for removal of the organic solvent and
dried. A total of 3kg of ethanolic extracts were dissolved in
5L hot distilled water and then prepared by successive
partition with petroleum ether (PE) (40-60°C) (fraction I),
chloroform (fraction II), ethyl acetate (fraction III) and
methanol (fraction IV). Each partition step was repeated
three times to ensure complete extraction in each case.