Qualitative Research in Psychology, 4:167–186, 2007
Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
ISSN: 1478-0887
DOI: 10.1080/14780880701473573
167
UQRP 1478-0887 1478-0895 Qualitative Research in Psychology, Vol. 4, No. 1-2, June 2007: pp. 1–37 Qualitative Research in Psychology
Representations of “Mental Illness” in Serbian
Newspapers: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Representations of “Mental Illness” in Serbian Newspapers B Bili[#x00107] and E Georgaca
BOJAN BILIC
1
AND EUGENIE GEORGACA
2
1
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, International University Bremen,
Germany
2
Department of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,
Greece
The media are among the primary sources of information on “mental illness” for the
general public. This article presents an overview of the representations of “mental ill-
ness” in Serbian daily newspapers covering a two-year period, 2003 and 2004. A crit-
ical discourse analytic approach was employed to identify the discourses drawn upon
to construct versions of “mental illness,” the textual strategies through which these
versions are constructed, as well as the functions of these specific depictions of “men-
tal illness.” Three broad discourses were identified. The discourse of dangerousness
depicts people with “mental illness” as dangerous either by portraying them as
committing violent crimes or by conflating them with other stigmatized groups. The
discourse of bio-medicalization constructs “mental illness” as a medical disorder,
psychiatrists as responsible for its management, and people with mental health prob-
lems as passive sufferers of their condition. The discourse of socio-political transition
accounts for the recent increased incidence of mental disorders in Serbia by const-
ructing versions of a mentally healthy or mentally disordered Serbian nation. The
former two discourses are commonly highlighted in the international literature on
media depictions of “mental illness.” The discourse of socio-political transition seems
to be specific to our corpus and closely related to the current Serbian context, in rela-
tion to which it is discussed.
Keywords: discourse analysis; “mental illness”; newspapers; Serbia; socio-political
transition
In the spring of 1999, when it became obvious that NATO aircrafts would attack targets
throughout Serbia, graffiti appeared in Belgrade that read: Mad is the one who remained
normal. This graffiti summarized a whole decade of social uncertainty, as a result of
which the already vague categories of normality and abnormality became almost com-
pletely interchangeable. This article uses a critical discourse analytic approach to explore
how the reversal of these concepts is effected, in the broader context of investigating the
versions of “mental illness” constructed in contemporary Serbian daily newspapers.
Before presenting and discussing the results of our study, we introduce the literature on
representations of “mental illness” in the media and the discourse analytic approach. We
also briefly outline the current socio-political situation in Serbia.
Correspondence: Dr, Eugenie Georgaca, Department of Psychology, Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki S4124, Greece.