Volume 5 • Issue 3 • 1000225
Review Pub Administration Manag, an open access journal
ISSN: 2315-7844
Review Article OMICS International
Review of Public Administration
and Management
R
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
P
u
b
l
i
c
A
d
m
i
n
i
s
tr
a
t
io
n
an
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
ISSN: 2315-7844
Mohamed et al., Review Pub Administration Manag 2017, 5:3
DOI: 10.4172/2315-7844.1000225
The Determinants of the Social Responsibility of Family SMES in Tunisia
Soufeljil Mohamed
1
, Mighri Zouhayer
2*
and Belloumi Mounir
2
1
Department of Economics, ISG Sousse, Tunisia, North Africa
2
Department of Economics, University of Sfax, Tunisia, North Africa
3
Department of Economics, Najran University, Tunisia, North Africa
Abstract
This paper aims to study the impact of the characteristics of family SMES on the strategy of Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR) family. The review of literature shows that the social network has a positive, but low effect on the social responsibility
of business. However, conservatism has a negative effect on social responsibility of business. Age of the company has a
positive effect on the social responsibility of business. The data have been collected from 141 Tunisian familial and non-
familial businesses in 2012. The results obtained allow to highlight the role of social network in the adoption of the strategy
of social responsibility within the family business. Similarly, the results have shown that the variable conservatism with a
negative impact is statistically signifcant on CSR through the variable Knowledge of CSR. Finally, age of the company has
no signifcant impact on CSR strategy.
Keywords: Social network; Age of the company; Conservatism; Cor-
porate social responsibility; Family SMES
Introduction
Although there is no consensus on the defnition of corporate
social responsibility (CSR), some researchers like Baker defned
it as the way in which frms manage their business processes in
order to produce an overall positive impact on society. Te essential
characteristic of CSR is the willingness of an organization to integrate
the social and environmental dimensions in its decision making and
to account for the efects of its decisions and activities on society and
the environment (ISO 2010). According to the universal standards,
CSR covers philanthropic activities and work practices, human rights,
the environment, consumer protection and the fght against fraud and
corruption.
Te majority of previous researches have shown that the impact
of the characteristics of family business on CSR is low. In fact, the
social network has a positive impact on CSR, whereas conservatism
has a negative impact on it. Finally, age of the company has a positive
infuence on this variable. Te scarcity of research in this area gives
our study a considerable importance. Te objective of our research is
to review the impact of the characteristics of the family SMES on the
adoption of the principles of CSR.
Te execution of this work will lead to a double contribution. Te
frst lies in the choice of the sample. In fact, the study will be carried
out in the context of the emerging countries (Tunisia). Te analysis of
the social responsibility of small and medium family business in the
context of Tunisia is proving to be very attractive given the considerable
role that plays small family business in the national economy. Previous
studies have been carried out generally in the context of developed
countries. Te second is to integrate explicitly direct measures for latent
variables on the occasion of the study of the impact of characteristics of
family SMES on the social responsibility of business.
Te objective of this article is to study the impact of the
characteristics of family SMES through the concept of knowledge of
CSR. Our general questioning revolves around the following question:
What is the impact of age of the company, of conservatism and of social
network on CSR.
Our research claims to analyze the infuence of the characteristics
of family SMES on the decision adopting CSR approach. To do this,
we will use the method of structural equations (LISREL) on a sample
of Tunisian businesses that operate in the region of Sousse, in order
to validate our proposals. Te principal components analysis (ACP)
and the confrmatory factor analysis will be used to clean our scale of
measurement, and to validate our variables.
Tis article is structured in the following way. Section 2 outlines
the review of literature and research hypotheses. Section 3 deals
with methodological choice. Section 4 presents the results and their
discussions. Te last section presents the conclusion.
A Summary of Teoretical Literature
Te review of literature on the determinants of social responsibility
of family business shows that there are several factors that encourage
the adoption of an approach of CSR. Our research will highlight the
role of the characteristics of small family business to know (the social
network, age of business and conservatism) in the adoption of CSR.
Te relationship between the characteristics of family business
and corporate social responsibility has been studied by researchers in
developed countries. However, no unanimity on the infuence of its
characteristics was detected in the present topic.
Recent previous studies have identifed three main characteristics
of small family business for the explanation of the relationship between
the characteristics of small family business and adoption of the
principles of CSR. Te frst characteristic is the social network of family
SMES. Te second characteristic is conservatism of family business.
Te third characteristic is age of the company.
*Corresponding author: Mighri Zouhayer, Department of Economics, LARTIGE,
FSEG Sfax Tunisia, street of Airport, 4.5 km, LP 1088, Sfax 3018, Tunisia, North
Africa, Tel: + (216) 97 900 023, E-mail: Mighrizouhair@gmail.com
Received September 09, 2016; Accepted October 09, 2017; Published October
13, 2017
Citation: Mohamed S, Zouhayer M, Mounir B (2017) The Determinants of the
Social Responsibility of Family SMES in Tunisia. Review Pub Administration
Manag 5: 225. doi:10.4172/2315-7844.1000225
Copyright: © 2017 Mohamed S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original author and source are credited.