*Corresponding author: E-mail: harendra_n_sharma@yahoo.com. Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology E-ISSN: 0976-7614 Volume 5, Issue 3, July 2014 PP 97-101 https:/ / e-journal.sospublication.co.in Research Article Water Quality Analysis of the Lake and Weather Studies at Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur Bharat Shrivastava * and Shrivastava A.K. Department of Zoology, St. John’s College, Agra-282002, U.P., India. Abstract: Keoladeo National Park, situated between 27⁰ 7.6’ to 27⁰ 12.2’ N and 77⁰ 29.5 to 77⁰ 33.9’ E, is two Southeast of the Bharatpur city, 38 Km Southwest of Mathura and 50 Km West of Agra. Delhi is 180 Km. North of Bharatpur. The total area of the park is about 29 Sq.Km. It is flat with a gentle slope towards the centre forming a depression, the total area of which is about 8.5 Sq.Km. This is a main submersible area of the park. The average elevation of the area is about 174 meters. The submersible area has been divided into various unequal compartments by means of dykes. Keywords: Rainfall, pH, BOD, Temperature, Sunshine. 1. Introduction Ghana Bird Sanctuary has created 250 years ago and is named a Keoladeo (Shiva) temple within its boundaries. Initially, it was a natural depression and was flooded after the ‘Ajan Bund’ was constructed by Maharaja Suraj Mal, during 1726 to 1763 AD, then the rules of the princely state of Bharatpur. The Bund was created at the confluence of two rivers, the Gambhir and Banganga. Prince Bhamji of Morvi state in Gujrat converted this area into a world-famous wildlife reserve. Duck shoots were organized in the area every year by the rulers of Bharatpur, in honor of the viceroy, Lord Curzon and his party on 1 st December 1902. The exploits of all visiting dignitaries since 1902 have been engraved on stone plaques standing near the Keoladeo temple. A masonry wall around the border separates the park from the surrounding agricultural fields. These are 18 villages around the park. Thick alluvium dominates the area. Patches of saline soils are common in the terrestrial area. The Keoladeo Ghana, later to be the Keoladeo National Park, is a natural depression, which has been developed impounding and controlling water level into a waterfowl refuge by the Maharaja of Bharatpur, some 250 years ago. The main objective of the then rulers, to whom the area belonged were game hunting, protecting the “scared” from hostile farmers as the cow often raided agricultural crops and for providing grazing land for buffaloes. After independence, the refuge was threatened by the popular clamor to convert it into agricultural land (Ali, 1953). However, the “Bombay Natural History Society’ (BNHS), through the efforts of Dr. Salim Ali, Managed to impress upon the then prime minister of India, Pd. Jawahar Lal Nehru, and the erstwhile Maharaja of Bharatpur the need for declaring the refuge as a bird sanctuary. This effort of Dr. Salim Ali and the determined timely action of the forest department of Rajasthan led to the declaration of the area as a bird sanctuary in 1956. Subsequently, in 1980 it was raised to the status of the National Park. The Bombay National History Society has studied the birds of the area through banding since the early 1960 and the result obtained therefore provided a wealth of information on the purpose, provenance and route of migration of the multitude of waterfowl visiting the area. The annual fluctuation of the waterfowl population is the declining trend in the number of “Siberian Crane.” The climate of an area is sub-humid to semi-arid. According to “Thornthwaite (1948)” Climatic classification, the period 1982-1990 was more semi-