45 Paradox of Road Safety and Security Policy Implementation: Assessing The Implications for Human Security and Nation-Building in Nigeria Oko Otu, Chukwuemeka Nnachi Department of History & International Studies, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria okootuc@gmail.com, 08100330277 & Ani, Kelechi Johnmary Department of History & Strategic Studies, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria kani4christ@gmail.com Abstract Road transportation is one of the most prevalent and widely used means of transportation in Nigeria. This paper examines how corruption by security and safety officer’s through the abuse of roadblocks and checkpoints and the get rich quick syndrome of commuters precipitate a compromise of road safety policies leading to implementation paradox and insecurity in the Nigerian road transport system. The paper traced the origin of these phenomena to the era of colonialism and the end of the Nigerian Civil War with the attendant socio- economic hardship of the period and observed that although with increased construction of roads, street lights and traffic control systems; human insecurity in road transportation has increased tremendously. The exercise of overloading vehicles with goods and passengers, speed driving, undue taxation by transport unions and collection of bribe by armed uniform officers are contentious issues which confronts road transportation in Nigeria as identified in this study. The paper contends that this pervasive trend shows an implementation paradox of road safety and security legislations and portends pernicious implications to the development of efficient and effective road transport system, national development and nation building. The nation-building effects threaten human Journal of Nation-building & Policy Studies (JoNPS) Volume 2, Numbers 2, December 2018 Pp 45-61