IJPT | July 2012 | vol. 11 | no. 2 | 40-44 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cystone, a well-known herbal formulation improves renal function in rats with acute renal failure (ARF) induced by Glycerol intoxication MOHAMED RAFIQ*, VISWANATHA GL, MOHAMMED AZEEMUDDIN M, SURYAKANTH DA, UDAY KUMAR VK, and PATKI PS For author affiliations, see end of text. Received February 6, 2012; Accepted June 28, 2012 This paper is available online at http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir ABSTRACT The present study was aimed to evaluate the beneficial effect of Cystone syrup in an experimental model of glycerol-induced acute renal failure (ARF) in rats. Biochemical parameters, kidney weight and histopathological evaluation were performed to conclude the beneficial effect of Cystone syrup. Administration of single dose of 50% v/v glycerol (8ml/kg.i.m) caused severe renal dysfunction associated with significant increase in markers of renal function such as serum urea (p<0.01), creatinine (p<0.01), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p<0.01), decrease in the Creatinine clearance (Ccr) (p<0.01) and increase in kidney weight to body weight ratio (p<0.01) compared to control group. These changes were in accordance with the histopathological findings showing severe tubular necrosis, degeneration and moderate luminal cast formation. In contrast, pre-treatment with Cystone (5 ml/kg, p.o) for seven days, alleviated the glycerol induced renal dysfunction significantly by maintaining serum urea (p<0.01), creatinine (p<0.05), BUN (p<0.01) and kidney weight to body weight ratio (p<0.05) near to normal range, also improved the creatinine clearance (p<0.05) compared to untreated positive control. In addition, histopathology of Cystone (5 ml/kg, p.o) treated group showed mild to moderate tubular necrosis and degeneration. Thus, the findings of the present study demonstrates the usefulness of Cystone syrup in reversing the biochemical/ structural markers of renal dysfunction observed in experimental model of renal failure in rats. Keywords: Acute renal failure, Cystone, Glycerol intoxication, Creatinine clearance Acute renal failure (ARF) is frequent in hospitalized critically ill patients and mortality associated with ARF is largely unchanged over many decades. ARF is mainly characterized by acute tubular necrosis. Progress in elucidation of ARF pathophysiology has led to the development and testing of many therapeutic drugs and other interventions in animal and human forms of acute tubular necrosis [1,2]. Renal replacement therapy has promising features in treating of ARF, especially before complications. However, it was reported that the incidence of ARF is been constantly rising over the past two decades [3,4] and mortality rate exceeded 50 % among those who required dialysis support [5,6]. Furthermore, mortality rates have changed little over the past few decades despite significant advances in supportive care. In addition, preventions of the occurrence and progression of ARF has become a very important issue. In recent years, great efforts have been focused on traditional and herbal medicine to provide a safe and therapeutically potential agent for ARF [4,6]. Glycerol is used for the induction of ARF in-vivo; intramuscular administration of hypertonic glycerol is the most commonly used animal model of myoglobinuric ARF [7]. It is reported that the acute volume depletion model of glycerol induced ARF is more closely related to the syndrome of ARF in human 1735-2657/12/112-40-44 IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY &THERAPEUTICS Copyright ｩ 2012 by Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) IJPT 11: 40-44, 2012 Downloaded from ijpt.iums.ac.ir at 20:06 IRDT on Saturday March 23rd 2019