International Research Journal of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences ISSN (Online): 2581-3277 9 Kayumov N.U. and Mukhamedova M.G., ―Chronic kidney disease in metabolic syndrome,‖ International Research Journal of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences (IRJPMS), Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 9-11, 2019. Chronic Kidney Disease in Metabolic Syndrome Kayumov N.U. 1 , Mukhamedova M.G. 2 1 Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 2 Tashkent Postgraduate Medical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Abstract—The importance of prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is caused not only by the development of chronic renal failure, which determines the patient's prognosis, but primarily by the risk of adverse outcomes of cardiovascular complications of kidney involvement in the pathological process and the development of the cardiorenal continuum. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is pathogenetically associated with the development of CKD and is an independent predictor of it. A direct correlation between the prevalence of CKD and MS diagnostic criteria and treatment options are shown in this article. Keywords— Metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, microalbuminuria, glomerular filtration rate. I. INTRODUCTION etabolic syndrome (MS) is a combination of genetic, physiological, biochemical and clinical factors, manifestation which is the development of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, visceral obesity, hypertension, hypercoagulable state, endothelial dysfunction, hyperuricemia. High relevance of learning MS is due to its significant prevalence throughout the world. About each fourth or fifth adult (depending by country and ethnic group) there is metabolic syndrome. Growth with age incidence. The proportion of people with MS among the population over 30 years old is 10–20%, while in the USA - 25% [1]. The average prevalence in the world among men and women - 24%. If before it was believed that MS is characteristic of older people, then in studies conducted American Diabetes Association (American Diabetes Association), shows an increase in incidence among young people aged 20-29 years [1]. It is estimated that by 2025 the number patients with this syndrome will be 300 million person. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) considers the MS to be a global epidemic. Even 250 years ago, long before the MS description, Italian doctor Morgagni identified the connection between visceral obesity, arterial hypertension (AH), atherosclerosis, high levels uric acid in the blood and the frequency of respiratory diseases [2]. In 2009, to harmonize the criteria for metabolic syndrome, several international organizations, including IDF, American Heart Association / National Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood, International Society Atherosclerosis, International Association for study of obesity, published a conclusion in which states that to confirm a diagnosis of MS, 3 or more of the five criteria [3]. Pathological conditions that are associated with metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, hypercoagulation, inflammation, polycystic ovary, atherosclerosis) also include impaired renal function, which leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Among chronic noncommunicable diseases CKD takes special place, since it is widespread, is associated with deterioration of quality of life and high mortality. For many years, the relevance of the CKD problem has not received much attention. Only at the beginning of the 21st century after receiving data from large randomized studies (NHANES and others), which showed a high incidence of CKD in populations, researchers began to intensively deal with this issue. Scientific research recent years suggest that kidney damage can be considered as one of the manifestations of MS [4]. The presence of MS increases the likelihood the development of CKD in patients older than 20 years 2.6 times, moreover, it increases with the increase in the number of MS criteria. The authors conducted a study with the inclusion of more than 6,000 patients, in which studied the relationship of MS and CKD (Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey - NHANES III), as a result, it was demonstrated that metabolic syndrome is an independent factor risk of CKD. In patients with two, three, four and five criteria MS, compared with patients with one criterion of MS or without them at all, the likelihood of developing CKD was respectively 2.21; 3.38; 4.23 and 5.85 [4]. M. Kurella et al. [5] with A survey of 10,096 middle-aged people found that with MS, which lasts more than nine years, there is an increase in the risk of developing CKD by about 50%. They analyzed the relationship between glomerular velocity filtration (GFR) and metabolic syndrome with using the multiple regression model. Due to the widespread use of antihypertensive therapy in recent years there has been a decrease in such severe cardiovascular complications of hypertension as cerebral stroke and myocardial infarction, but there has been a steady increase in the incidence of terminal chronic renal failure (CRF). In this regard, the American Nephrologists established the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative Quality Initiative for the Treatment of Kidney Disease, which has developed terminology, classification, diagnosis and approaches to CKD therapy [6]. In accordance with these recommendations, CKD is understood to mean any kidney damage that can progress to terminal CRF. The increase in the prevalence of CKD is largely due to the high prevalence of hypertension, and the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes, and obesity, as well as the overall increase in life expectancy. Currently, there is also no doubt not only the existence of the renal continuum, but also its simultaneous and unidirectional progression with the cardiovascular continuum. However, many factors associated with renal M