New record of giant anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Pilosa, Myrmecophagidae) in Northeast Brazil Douglas de Matos Dias 1 , Flávia Regina Miranda 2 , Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues 1 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. CEP: 31270-901 2 Instituto de pesquisa e Conservação de Tamanduás no Brasil, PROJETO TAMANDUÁ, Brasil Corresponding author: Douglas de Matos Dias (diasdm.bio@gmail.com) Academic editor: A. M. Leal-Zanchet  |  Received 01 June 2018  |  Accepted 29 December 2018  |  Published 11 April 2019 Citation: de Matos Dias D, Miranda FR, Guimarães Rodrigues FH (2019) New record of giant anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Pilosa, Myrmecophagidae) in Northeast Brazil. Neotropical Biology and Conservation, 14(1): 129–135. https://doi.org/10.3897/neotropical.14.e34842 Abstract Te giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is the largest living anteater, which due to several an- thropic impacts, is threatened with extinction. So far, there was only one locality with a confrmed record of M. tridactyla in Northeast of Brazil. We present a new direct record of the species in Brazilian Northeast, registered in July 2017 by camera trap, in an arboreal caatinga area, municipality of Sento Sé, Bahia. Tis record is the second one of the species in the Caatinga Biome and confrms the occur- rence of M. tridactyla in the state of Bahia. It constitutes the frst direct record of M. tridactyla in more than 13 years of monitoring in the study area, suggesting that the species is locally rare. Keywords Caatinga, distribution, giant anteater Neotropical Biology and Conservation 14(1): 129–135 (2019) doi: 10.3897/neotropical.14.e34842 Copyright Douglas de Matos Dias et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. SHORT COMMUNICATION