Critical Sociology
2016, Vol. 42(7-8) 1163–1177
© The Author(s) 2015
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DOI: 10.1177/0896920515582091
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From Complicit Citizens to
Potential Prey: State Imaginaries
and Subjectivities in US War
Resistance
Emily Brissette
Bridgewater State University, USA
Abstract
The movements against the Vietnam and Iraq wars gave rise to analogous resistance efforts, in the
form of draft resistance and counter-recruitment, respectively. Despite their many similarities, the
draft resistance and counter-recruitment movements emerged in distinct historical eras marked
by very different ‘state imaginaries’ or assumptions about the nature of the state and people’s
relation to it. Drawing on original archival work, this paper excavates these state imaginaries
and examines how they conditioned activists’ subjectivities in each era. More specifically, this
paper argues that the 1960s were marked by an imaginary of the state based on consent, which
positioned draft resisters as complicit citizens and engendered a sense of personal responsibility
for the war. This state imaginary was displaced in the neoliberal era by an imaginary of the state
as an alien and invasive force, which positioned counter-recruitment activists (or their children)
as potential prey and impelled efforts at self-defense.
Keywords
antiwar movement, counter-recruitment, draft resistance, Iraq War, state imaginaries,
subjectivities, Vietnam War
Introduction
Three years into the Vietnam War, a fledgling group calling itself the Resistance
1
began urging
young men to engage in acts of non-cooperation – to return their draft cards, relinquish deferments,
and refuse induction – as a way of actualizing their opposition to the war. Through widespread
draft resistance they hoped to delegitimate and disrupt the functioning of the Selective Service
System and, by extension, the war itself. For its first major action, the Resistance organized a
national draft card turn-in on 16 October 1967. On that day nearly one thousand young men
Corresponding author:
Emily Brissette, Department of Sociology, Bridgewater State University, 131 Summer Street, Bridgewater, MA 02325, USA.
Email: erbrissette@gmail.com
582091CRS 0 0 10.1177/0896920515582091Critical SociologyBrissette
research-article 2015
Article