Development Clara Weinhardt and Angela Geck ** Pre-print version** Final version published in: The Language of World Trade Politics: Unpacking the Terms of Trade, edited by Klaus Dingwerth and Clara Weinhardt, pp. 132-151. Abingdon: Routledge. Introduction “Countries do not engage in trading relationships for the sake of trade per se. […] The immediate and ultimate goal of trade is growth and development. This is why the WTO and its membership must make trade and the rules of trade count for development,” (Buhari 2016) the Nigerian Trade and Investment Minister Okechukwu E. Enelamah stated at the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) annual outreach to the civil society, the Public Forum, in September 2016. From the negotiations about the eventually failed International Trade Organization (ITO) in the immediate post-war years and the conclusion of the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) in 1947 onwards, the international trade regime has been confronted with calls for addressing the concerns of developing countries. These calls have, over time, led to the incorporation of a number of development-related provisions in the legal architecture of the GATT and the creation of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). After the birth of the WTO in 1995, its first negotiating round, launched in 2001, was coined the “Doha Development Round”. Despite the prominence of the term, however, developing countries continue to lament their marginalization in the world trading system. To understand this apparent contradiction, this chapter traces the evolution of