Review Biogas production from co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste and fruit and vegetable waste Suelen Pavi, Luis Eduardo Kramer, Luciana Paulo Gomes, Luis Alcides Schiavo Miranda ⇑ Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Civil Engineering Post-Graduation Program, Av. Unisinos, 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, 93022-000 São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil University of the Sinos Valley, Post-Graduation Program in Civil Engineering, Environmental Sanitation Laboratory, Av. Unisinos, 950, 93022-750 São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil highlights  The organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was co-digested with fruit and vegetable waste (FVW).  The highest cumulative biogas and methane yields were obtained with a 1/3 ratio of OFMSW to FVW.  The digestion occurred in a stable manner for all OFMSW/FVW ratios tested. article info Article history: Received 9 November 2016 Received in revised form 4 January 2017 Accepted 5 January 2017 Available online 10 January 2017 Keywords: Anaerobic co-digestion Biogas yield Methane yield Organic fraction of municipal solid waste Fruit and vegetable waste abstract The anaerobic co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) was evaluated in terms of biogas and methane yield, volatile solids (VS) removal rate and stability of the process. The batch experiment was conducted in mesophilic conditions (35 °C), with four different OFMSW/FVW ratios (VS basis) of 1/0, 1/1, 1/3, and 0/1. The methane yield from the co-digestion was higher than the mono-digestion for OFMSW and FVW. The optimal mixing ratio of OFMSW/FVW was found to be 1/3. The average cumulative biogas and methane yield in this condition was 493.8 N mL/g VS and 396.6 N mL/g VS, respectively, and the VS removal rate was 54.6%. Compared with the mono- digestion of OFMSW and FVW, the average increase in methane yield was 141% and 43.8%, respectively. Ó 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................... 363 2. Materials and methods ................................................................................................ 363 2.1. Substrates and inoculum ......................................................................................... 363 2.2. Experimental setup .............................................................................................. 363 2.3. Analytical methods .............................................................................................. 364 3. Results and discussion ................................................................................................. 364 3.1. Characteristics of substrates and biogas yield ......................................................................... 364 3.2. Methane content and methane yeld ................................................................................ 365 3.3. Measurement of pH, VS removal rate, NH 4 -N and VFA concentration...................................................... 366 4. Conclusions .......................................................................................................... 367 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... 367 References .......................................................................................................... 367 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.01.003 0960-8524/Ó 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ⇑ Corresponding author at: University of the Sinos Valley, Post-Graduation Program in Civil Engineering, Environmental Sanitation Laboratory, Av. Unisinos, 950, 93022-750 São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil. E-mail addresses: su_pavi@hotmail.com (S. Pavi), kramerluis@hotmail.com (L.E. Kramer), lugomes@unisinos.br (L.P. Gomes), lalcides@unisinos.br (L.A.S. Miranda). Bioresource Technology 228 (2017) 362–367 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Bioresource Technology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biortech