Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3 Arch Microbiol DOI 10.1007/s00203-017-1347-4 ORIGINAL PAPER Infuence of land use on bacterial and archaeal diversity and community structures in three natural ecosystems and one agricultural soil Tin Mar Lynn 1,2  · Qiong Liu 1,2,3  · Yajun Hu 1,2  · Hongzhao Yuan 1,2  · Xiaohong Wu 1,5  · Aye Aye Khai 4  · Jinshui Wu 1,2  · Tida Ge 1,2   Received: 22 October 2016 / Revised: 20 January 2017 / Accepted: 20 January 2017 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017 Phylogenetic afliations determined using the Ribosomal Database Project (RDP) database and T-RFLP revealed that the soils had difering bacterial diversity. WL soil was rich in only Proteobacteria, whereas GR soil was rich in Pro- teobacteria, followed by Actinobacteria. FR soil had higher abundance of Chloroflexi species than these soils. TP soil was rich in Actinobacteria, followed by Chloroflexi, Aci- dobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. The archaeal diversity of GL and FR soils was similar in that most of their sequences were closely related to Nitrososphaerales (Thaumarchaeota phylum). In contrast, WL soil, followed by TP soil, had greater archaeal diversity than other soils. Eight diferent archaeal classes were found in WL soil, and Pacearchaeota class was the richest one. The abundance of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene copies in WL and GL soils was signifcantly higher than that in FR and TP soils. Redundancy analysis showed that bacterial diversity was infuenced by abiotic factors, e.g., total organic carbon and pH, whereas total nitrogen, pH, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) signifcantly afected archaeal community composition. Pearson correlation analysis showed that bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene abundance had the highest correlation with clay content (r > 0.905, P < 0.01), followed by total-P, CEC, pH, and silt (%). These results will lead to more comprehensive understanding of how land use afects microbial distribution. Keywords Natural ecosystems · Bacterial diversity · Archaeal diversity · Molecular analyses · Abiotic factors Introduction Soil is a spatially structured, heterogeneous, discontinu- ous and dynamic biological system although generally Abstract Studying shifts in microbial communities under diferent land use can help in determining the impact of land use on microbial diversity. In this study, we analyzed four diferent land-use types to determine their bacterial and archaeal diversity and abundance. Three natural eco- systems, that is, wetland (WL), grassland (GL), and forest (FR) soils, and one agricultural soil, that is, tea plantation (TP) soil, were investigated to determine how land use shapes bacterial and archaeal diversity. For this purpose, molecular analyses, such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and termi- nal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), were used. Soil physicochemical properties were deter- mined, and statistical analyses were performed to identify the key factors afecting microbial diversity in these soils. Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00203-017-1347-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yajun Hu yjhu@isa.ac.cn 1 Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China 2 Changsha Observation and Research Station for Agricultural environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 4 Biotechnology Research Department, Ministry of Education, Kyaukse 100301, Myanmar 5 Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China