INTRODUCTION
The MAAT project is a revolutionary concept of
transportation presented in works such as the ones of Ilieva et
al. [ 1] and Trancossi et al. [ 2]. MAAT stands for Multi-body
Advanced Airship for Transport. Due to its high altitude
flight conditions, low turbulence intensities are predominant.
Thus critical elements of the feeders and cruiser vehicles,
such as propulsive systems, will be exposed to late transition
and consequently considerable sized laminar flow regions.
The design of these components will be strongly conditioned
by the predicted flow conditions. This implies that possession
of a tool able to calculate transitional flows is of fundamental
importance. Prediction of flow separation, drag and even
pressure distribution along component surfaces will deeply
depend upon whether the flow is laminar or turbulent.
Industry reliable turbulence transitional models are a
relatively recent development. Previously, designers relied on
experimental data and on the first effective transition
prediction model, the e
N
method. Developed simultaneously
by Smith et al. [ 3] and Ingen [ 4], this model predicts only
natural transition conditions. Later on, with the works of
Abu-Ghannam [ 5] and Mayle [ 6], the first empirical
correlations for transition onset were created. Using these, the
first turbulence transitional models based on empirical
correlations were formulated. Some of these works were
performed by Cho [ 7] and Suzen [ 8]. The latter models were
initially non-locally formulated. This results in a problematic
issue for parallel processing of large mesh computational
problems. The reason for this is related to the processing
nodes need of access to information that may not be in their
computational domain. However, with the recent
accomplishment of Menter [ 9] and Langtry [ 10], locally
formulated empirical correlation turbulence transition models
are being developed.
Due to the transition process complexity, up until now
only empirical models were successfully developed with
practical industry application. Besides the linear stability
theory based transition onset model, e
N
, no model attempts to
simulate the physics of transition. However, alternatives were
formulated that attempt to predict transition onset as well as
calculate its development process. Through the award
winning paper by Mayle [ 11], a new type of turbulence
transitional model was introduced. Although this first model
is non-locally formulated, and therefore, not yet easily
applicable to industry, it suggests a revolutionary concept for
2013-01-2268
Published 09/17/2013
Copyright © 2013 SAE International
doi: 10.4271/2013-01-2268
saeaero.saejournals.org
High Altitude Transitional Flow Computation for a Propulsion
System Nacelle of MAAT Airship
Rui Vizinho
Jose C. Pascoa
University of Beira Interior
Miguel Silvestre
ABSTRACT
The flow around the nacelles of high altitude airships is very important in order to assess the inlet conditions and losses
associated to their propulsion systems. The aerodynamics prediction of low Re number flows is a problem usually
associated to the lack of accuracy of most of the turbulence models in everyday use. Herein we present a laminar kinetic
energy transitional model that is then applied on the analysis of the flow around an example of the MAAT airship nacelle.
The model is also validated using several well known test cases from the literature. Results indicate the effects of accurate
transition prediction in the redesign of the nacelle for improvement in efficiency.
CITATION: Vizinho, R., Pascoa, J., and Silvestre , M., "High Altitude Transitional Flow Computation for a Propulsion
System Nacelle of MAAT Airship," SAE Int. J. Aerosp. 6(2):2013, doi:10.4271/2013-01-2268.
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