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ISSN (Print: 2537-0154, online: 2537-0162)
International Journal on:
The Academic Research Community Publication
DOI: 10.21625/archive.v2i4.385
Utilization of Saline Water on the Mechanical Properties for
Unbounded Granular Materials
Sherif Adel El Sharkawy
1
1
Lecturer of Highway engineering, dept. of civil engineering, Faculty of engineering, Canadian International
College, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
It is well-known that three quarters of the world contain saline water. The saline water contains amounts of salt
dissolved in water to a concentration of parts in per millions (ppm) includes sodium chloride, Sodium sulfate and
magnesium sulfate. Compaction of Base coarse layer is usually done by water which is considered tap water. Cites
near shores often need coastal roads to act as service roads parallel to shore lines. For this matter, the use of saline
water in compaction is considered a main objective in this situation due to the decrease in transportation cost of
Tap water used in hauling and compaction of base coarse layer. This research studies the effect of saline water
on the mechanical properties of the unbounded granular material used in base coarse layer. The study compares
the results between the use of saline water and standard tap water by subjecting both samples to different lab
tests such as California baring ratio (CBR) and modified proctor. The results showed that saline water could be
used successfully in the operation of constructing base coarse layer with good results concerning the amount of
absorbed water content and maximum dry density of the base coarse layer which will result in good compaction.
In addition, the CBR test results showed high evaluation of strength for samples contained saline water. The study
used Dolomite material for base coarse layer from Jabal Ataqa as one of the most used aggregate types in EGYPT
through construction.
© 2019 The Authors. Published by IEREK press. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords
Saline water; CBR test; modified proctor test; base coarse layer; water content; maximum dry density.
1. Introduction
The main function of a base coarse layer in a flexible pavement is to provide sufficient cover over the subgrade, to
decrease the stresses and strains induced by traffic loading so that subgrade shear failure does not occur and does
not densify significantly, In addition, to a loss of shape for the pavement surface. To perform sufficiently, the base
coarse must have a number of physical and mechanical properties such as Stability, durability, impermeability and
workability to ensure adequate strength and stiffness under the applied traffic loads and the strength is maintained
during its designed service life. To be suitable for use as base coarse material, gravel must be capable of devel-
oping an adequate bond between the bituminous surfacing and the base course, which is enhanced by a degree of
penetration of the first bituminous application into the base course surface.
On the other hand, it is well known that saline water affect the road infra-structure negatively. The addition of salt
pg. 369