Universal Journal of Educational Research 7(5): 1286-1300, 2019 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2019.070514
The Views of Social Studies Teacher Candidates
on Coding and Production of Educational
Materials through Coding
Mustafa Dolmaz
Independent Researcher, Turkey
Copyright©2019 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract The aim of this research is to determine the
views of social studies teacher candidates on coding and
production of educational materials through coding. In the
research, document review method, which is one of the
qualitative research methods, was employed. A puzzle
produced by coding has been examined by teacher
candidates. Then, 8 questions were addressed to 40 teacher
candidates in order to receive their views through interview
forms. Data obtained from the interview form were
analyzed by content analysis. When calculating the
reliability of the research, the reliability formula developed
by Miles and Huberman [20] was used. As a result of the
research, it was determined that teacher candidates do not
have the knowledge of coding in general, that there is no
teacher candidate who produces material by coding except
one teacher candidate, but that the majority of teacher
candidates want to learn coding. In the views of a majority
of teacher candidates, it was revealed that it would be
appropriate to give coding education in the high school
period. The material produced by coding was found to be
simple, fun, informative, summarizer and effective by
teacher candidates. Teacher candidates think that such
materials are low cost, reusable, attractive, functional and
easy to distribute materials, however, they believe that
coding has disadvantages such as technical equipment
requirement, the high cost of ready-to-use software fees,
and a negative impact on students' health.
Keywords Coding, Educational Material, Social
Studies, Material Production with Coding
1. Introduction
The use of information technologies in today's schools,
education and teaching activities has brought a new breath
to education, and has provided teachers and students with a
fun, interesting and more useful way to process the lesson
using materials based on information technology
[10,14,25]. Initially, information technologies (IT) were
only used as a complementary/reinforcing tool for the
education system. However, when the principle of
self-learning is combined with computer technology, the
computer becomes an environment in which learning
occurs in education [4].
Computers do not have functional brains and work with
commands written by humans. We name this special
language, which we use to process commands on the
computer, the programming language [18]. Several
programming languages have been developed to develop
solutions for different needs. Each language consists of its
own phrase, spelling rules and commands. Coding, on the
other hand, is defined as “the process of writing
language-specific commands”. In short, the equivalent of
commands given to the computer in programming is code
and the whole codes that create computer software are
defined as coding [11]. The fact that computer becomes an
environment in which learning occurs, makes it necessary
to benefit from the coding / programming technology,
which existed in various fields from the defense industry to
the economy, in educational activities. The introduction of
e-school, e-education or online education, especially in
recent years, is a result of the educators' efforts to benefit
from web-based platforms formed by coding based on
information technologies.
The existence of coding technology in every field of life
made coding/programming education important in many
countries in the 21st Century as it facilitates daily work and
operation in many fields from the business world to the
educational world and the coding skills have started to be
accepted as a competence that each individual should have.
In fact, “coding in many sources is now considered a part
of logical reasoning, which is one of the 21st century skills”
and expected by each individual to have [9,24].
Today, children meet technology from the age of three