~ 354 ~ International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2018; 6(6): 354-363 E-ISSN: 2347-5129 P-ISSN: 2394-0506 (ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62 (GIF) Impact Factor: 0.549 IJFAS 2018; 6(6): 354-363 © 2018 IJFAS www.fisheriesjournal.com Received: 14-09-2018 Accepted: 18-10-2018 Abdul Ghaffar College of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China Zhou Hong College of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China Syed Babar Hussain Shah College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China Muhammad Mohsin Kalhoro Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Balochistan, Pakistan Tushar Ramesh Pavase College of Food Science and Engineering Food Safety Lab, Ocean University of China Maqsood Ahmed Soomro College of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China Mohamad Talib Kalhoro College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China Raza Hasnain College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China Jiang Qian Qian College of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China Ali Mumtaz College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China Correspondence Zhou Hong College of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China A study on polychaetes in the yellow sea and Bohai Sea: Biodiversity perspective Abdul Ghaffar, Zhou Hong, Syed Babar Hussain Shah, Muhammad Mohsin Kalhoro, Tushar Ramesh Pavase, Maqsood Ahmed Soomro, Mohamad Talib Kalhoro, Raza Hasnain, Jiang Qian Qian and Ali Mumtaz Abstract The marine flora and fauna of the China seas are characterized by high biodiversity, including both the yellow sea and Bohai Sea. Among various flora and fauna, marine Polychaetes are known to play an important ecological role in the marine environment. In marine benthic communities, the most dominant group considered is the Polychaetes. Various species are used as an indicator organism for environmental quality assessment of marine sediments and Polychaetes are often considered as the most dominant group in marine benthic communities. Based on comprehensive investigation in certain areas the species distribution pattern of benthic Polychaetes can provide an ecological oriented environmental assessment and overall theoretical support for the protection and management of marine benthic ecosystems. This review determines (a) the marine biodiversity in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea (b) ecological features of Polychaetes including diversity, relationship between Polychaetes and environment. (c) Effects of water quality on Polychaetes including Effects of temperature, Spatio-temporal change on community. (d) Significance of Macrobenthic ecology in China seas. Keywords: polychaetes, diversity, yellow sea, bohai sea 1. Introduction The ocean covers 70% of the Earth's surface and marine sediments provide habitat to variety of oceanic organisms. Marine sediments can be classified into two broad categories according to their sources, namely, called lithogenious and oceanic sediments according to Guoying and Shi, 2002. Majority of the marine organisms are found along the intertidal zone, continental shelf, deep sea, and some Polychaetes species are predominantly found in hydrothermal ecosystem. The most and common among marine benthic communities are Polychaetes. The Polychaetes are found in both fresh and marine waters [1] . Early research focused on marine sediments in the discovery of new species and species classification. The most famous Swedish biologist Carl von Linnaeus (1707-1778), studied the Linnaean classification system developed to now have also been followed. Following the study of early biology, 1872-1876, the British "Challenger" was the world's first sea adventure. It was the first systematic study of marine sediments, which was mostly descriptive research focused on the taxonomy and aspects of life history. Rise of ecology as a discipline in the late 1890s, was first proposed by German scientist Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919). Ecology is a multidisciplinary describes the relationship between organisms and their living environment. Most studies have focused on ecology, land ecology, knowing the 1950s; research on the ecology of marine organisms began together as per Guoying and Shi, 2002. The most commonly used classification is the benthic fauna by sorting mesh pore size, the animals were divided into large benthic macrobenthos, small meiobenthos and micro-benthic macrobenthos that macrobenthos, usually refers to the screening 0.5mm aperture sieve interception of benthic fauna [2] . At present, benthic research focuses on four typical habitats: intertidal, subtidal, brackish estuaries and Deep Ocean. Benthic invertebrate ecosystems play an important intermediary role in benthic food by filtering phytoplankton and larger organisms such as fish food sources, that the primary productivity and higher trophic level biological link. Benthic fauna through its effects on sediment deposits further remodeling and improve sediment