Reading Fanon, Reading Radio
IN 1959, IN THE MIDST OF THE LIBERATION STRUGGLE IN ALGERIA,
FRANTZ FANON PUBLISHED L’AN V DE LA RÉVOLUTION ALGÉRIENNE
(A Dying Colonialism), which contained a chapter dedicated to the
role of radio in anticolonial resistance. he chapter, “Ici la voix de
l’Algérie” (“his Is t he Voice of Algeria”), describes how the radio
changed from mouthpiece of the French occupation to voice of the
Algerian resistance, primarily between 1954 and 1956. Before the
liberation struggle, Fanon tells us, over ninety-five percent of ra-
dio receivers belonged to Europeans, for whom the radio was a link
to Radio-Alger—or, simply, “Des Français parlent aux Français”
(“Frenchmen speaking to Frenchmen” [“Ici” 309; Dying Colonial-
ism 74]). he station was a “réédition ou écho de la Radiodifusion
française nationale installée à Paris” (“re-edition or an echo of the
French National Broadcasting System operating from Paris”) and
“exprime avant tout la société coloniale et ses valeurs” (“is essentially
the instrument of colonial society and its values” [305; 69]). A key
shit occurred around 1954, when Algeria joined the Maghreb Front
and radio became an important instrument for the dissemination of
news to the Algerian people in their struggle against French colonial-
ism. At a rate not seen before, Algerians acquired radio receivers that
allowed them to tune in he Voice of Fighting Algeria, which ampli-
ied an emergent national consciousness, connecting listeners across
scattered outposts to the common anticolonial struggle. his revolu-
tionary broadcast, Fanon suggests, “aura, sur le plan de la cohésion,
de la prise en masse du peuple, une importante capitale” (“was to be
of capital importance in consolidating and unifying the people” [318;
84]), transforming not only what but how radio was heard.
Far more than a sociological analysis of a technological device,
Fanon’s chapter ofers a remarkable phenomenology of reception. On
the one hand, Fanon describes Algerian listeners huddled around
radios between nine o’clock and midnight each night, seeking the
elusive frequency for the routinely jammed revolutionary broadcast
MICHAEL ALLAN is associate professor
of comparative literature and Petrone
Faculty Scholar at the University of Or-
egon. He is the author of In the Shadow
of World Literature: Sites of Reading in
Colonial Egypt (Princeton UP, 2016), and
he was an EUME Fellow of the Alexander
von Humboldt Foundation in 2017–18.
theories and
methodologies
Old Media /
New Futures:
Revolutionary
Reverberations of
Fanon’s Radio
michael allan
[
PMLA
© 2019 michael allan
PMLA 134.1 (2019), published by the Modern Language Association of America 188