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International Journal of Mosquito Research 2017; 4(4): 119-125
ISSN: 2348-5906
CODEN: IJMRK2
IJMR 2017; 4(4): 119-125
© 2017 IJMR
Received: 15-05-2017
Accepted: 16-06-2017
Goselle ON
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Amobi LO
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Ojile JO
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
David A
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Nanvyat N
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Adulugba IA
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Kumbak D
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Udeh EO
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Mbaya YA
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Mafuyai HB
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-Nigeria
Correspondence
Goselle ON
Applied Entomology and
Parasitology unit, Department of
Zoology, University of Jos-
Nigeria
Abundance of Mosquitoes larvae in various
microhabitats and the concern for invasion of
human community
Goselle ON, Amobi LO, Ojile JO, David A, Nanvyat N, Adulugba IA,
Kumbak D, Udeh EO, Mbaya YA and Mafuyai HB
Abstract
A survey was conducted in five microhabitats of Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State to
determine the prevalence and abundance of mosquito larvae in ponds/streams closed to residential areas.
The research goal was to describe the pattern of composition of mosquitoes dominated invertebrate
communities and to test the abundance of different species of mosquitoes as a measure of identifying
which area could be more prone to malaria disease infection if not well managed. The work composed of
two questions about community composition and the species of invertebrates at sites: (1). How do the
presence of a pond or stream/river near a community support the presence of larvae which is critical for
understanding processes affecting adult population; (2). To ascertain if any differences in habitat
gradients with populations and community composition of mosquitoes may be important for
understanding disease transmission in different kinds of microhabitats which may aid in planning more
effective vector control strategies. A breakdown from the collections conducted in the five microhabitats
indicated that, of the 3, 110 larval stages collected over three different dates, more number of Anopheles
species were recorded in the Tudun wada microhabitat than in other microhabitats. Coincidentally, it was
also the area where an unidentified species of larvae were recorded. Fewer numbers of Aedes were
collected as compared to the others. In consideration of the instars stages that were measured, it was
recorded that more early instars were collected as compared to the late instars. This indicates oviposition
is at a climax as compared to the survival of the larval stages. In conclusion, it could be inferred that
there is a great invasion of mosquitoes in the human community which calls for a serious concern for
governmental and non-governmental organizations to increase more funding to curtail health hazards that
could come from mosquito bites.
Keywords: Mosquitoes, ponds/streams, microhabitats, gradients, cues, Jos-Nigeria
1. Introduction
Mosquitoes are members of the family Culicidae containing three sub-families namely:
Anophelinae, Toxorhynchitinae and Culicinae (Delvin 2010)
[1]
. They have a world-wide
distribution occurring in tropical, sub-tropical and temperate regions and inhabit both aquatic
and terrestrial habitats (Dorothy 2010)
[2]
. They have been incriminated in the sole
transmission of important human diseases including malaria, filariasis, yellow-fever, dengue
fever etc (Belding 1942; El-Badry and Al-Ali 2010; Balakrishnan et al., 2011; Chakkaravarthy
et al., 2011; Paulraj et al., 2011)
[3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
. These diseases have had serious negative impacts
on the economic development as well as medical and social well-being of people living in their
areas of prevalence (Amiruddin et al., 2012)
[8]
. The vectorial capacity of mosquitoes for the
diseases they transmit is largely influenced by the intensity of larval production from breeding
habitats (Depinay et al., 2004)
[9]
. These preferred breeding sites of the different mosquitoes
and other environmental factors also affects their distribution and prevalence of diseases they
transmit (de Souza et al., 2010). In essence, the study of the distribution and prevalence of
mosquito larva in various breeding habitats should be carried out to create awareness of the
possible diseases that are likely to affect a particular locality.
Costanzo et al. (2005) have noted that one of the habitat mosquitoes used as breeding sites are
tires found in peri-domestic areas which has greatly attracted attention, as their locations close
to homes have been reported to have significant effect on human health.