One destiny for Mankind - in a single Goal. Nikolay N. Goryachev Laboratory of Situation Analysis Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS (IHAE FEB RAS) Stepping on the surface of the moon, Neil Armstrong said the historical phrase: "That’s one small step for a man, but for a giant leap for mankind." These words are an excellent epigraph to this article, because I suppose that humanity also needs a huge leap now. The best minds of mankind invariably wondered what the fate of the world would be, and in what direction mankind would develop in order to achieve a better future from all possible options. Vernadsky, Gumilev, Huntington, Toynbee, and, finally, Fukuyama, who proclaimed “the end of history” - all of them, to one degree or another, tried to understand the laws of development of both humanity and society, and their parts at one time or another. Every civilization developed as a unique phenomenon. But at the same time at different stages of their development all these civilizations were inevitably in contact with other ones. For weaker civilizations, that process ended either in assimilation, or in death. In the course of the geographical expansion of the Great Geographical Discoveries, more powerful civilizations sought to possess new resources, in the course of which other nations were conquered or subjugated by other means. Civilizations nevertheless also enriched each other through contacts. Absorbing new information, they successfully developed in the future, trying to successfully apply their knowledge, to be connected with their heritage. By the end of the XIX century and in present time, the dialogue of civilizations has largely shifted to the cultural sphere. This happened because the migration processes led to a mixture of cultures, and to the formation of diasporas of other civilizations in many states. The dialogue of cultures produced unique phenomena.