63 POST-GENOCIDE BOSNIAN MUSLIM FEMALE IDENTITY: VISUALIZING MOTHERHOOD, VIOLENCE AND VICTIMHOOD JASMINA GAVRANKAPETANOVIĆ-REDŽIĆ DOSHISHA UNIVERSITY, KYOTO; UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO Abstract As Yugoslavia fell apart in the 1990s, the Serbs used violence strategically, to achieve permanent divisions between ethnic categories and to thwart future attempts to rebuild trust and normalize interethnic relations. Te goal of the violence was to intensify national and religious diferences within socialist Yugoslavia’s highly multicultural society. Te violence of the war, and the sexual vio- lence in particular, infuenced the identity of Bosnian Muslims. It heightened their sense of endan- germent and consequently, their feeling of belonging to a persecuted group. Tis paper analyzes the visual representations of motherhood, violence and victimhood in four flms directed by Jasmila Žbanić. It fnds inspiration in Žarana Papić’s critical approach to patriarchy and nationalism and Inger Skjelsbæk’s feld work among the survivors of sexual violence in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Te paper’s main goals are to trace the link between patriarchy, nationalism and the memory of gender-directed violence, and to highlight the transformation of Bosnian Muslim identity within the context of history. Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina; genocide; war crimes; sexual violence; patriarchy; victimhood; motherhood DOI: 10.14712/23363231.2019.12 2018 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS CAROLINAE PAG. 63–88 STUDIA TERRITORIALIA 2 Tis article is based on research supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Doc. Dr. Jasmina Gavrankapetanović-Redžić teaches at the University of Sarajevo. She is a JSPS international research fellow at the Faculty of Policy Studies, Doshisha University, Kyoto. Address correspondence to Academy of Fine Arts Sarajevo, Obala Maka Dizdara 3, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. E-mail: gavrankapetan@gmail.com. I extend my gratitude to two anonymous reviewers as well as to the journal editors for their insightful comments and suggestions on earlier drafs of this paper.