~ 2115 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; 8(3): 2115-2118 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 JPP 2019; 8(3): 2115-2118 Received: 28-03-2019 Accepted: 29-04-2019 Ashish P Dhongade M.Sc. Agriculture in plant physiology from college of agriculture Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Satyajit B Korade PhD in MPKV, Department plant physiology, M.Sc. Agriculture in plant physiology from college of agriculture Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Nilesh D Jadhav PhD in MPKV, Department plant physiology, M.Sc. Agriculture in plant physiology from college of agriculture Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Correspondence Ashish P Dhongade M.Sc. Agriculture in plant physiology from college of agriculture Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Experimental study on biochemical parameters and yield of M4 Indian mustard mutants Ashish P Dhongade, Satyajit B Korade and Nilesh D Jadhav Abstract To study the proximate biochemical composition and yield of twenty M4 Indian mustard mutants, an experiment was conducted and work was subjected to the comparative evaluation of its chemical and biochemical parameters viz., total chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, protein, and oil. Among these twenty mutants, the highest chlorophyll, N, P, K at 25, 45, and 65 DAS, and protein and oil after harvesting was obtained from ACM18, ACM12, ACM6, ACM8 and ACM4. In case of proximate analysis, the highest chlorophyll, N, P, K, protein and oil were recorded from ACM18. The oil content of different mutants of mustard varied from (33.30 - 42.67%). ACM18 (28.13 %) contained the highest amount of seed protein. All the chemical and biochemical traits were showed highly significant and positive correlation with seed yield. Substantial genetic variability exists for chemical composition and nutritional traits which could be utilized to suggest the future strategy. Hence, these five mutants are recommended for breeding programme and testing. Keywords: Mustard mutants, biochemical parameters, yield Introduction Mustard specifically refers to Brassica juncea and Erucasativa. There are considerable differences in agronomic characteristics, yield and composition of seed oil between species and between varieties. Mustard is the third major source of edible vegetable oils in the world, after soybean and oily palm (Anonymous, 2011) [2] . The tender leaves of these cultivars serve as vegetable, while the seeds as a source of lubricating and cooking oil. The residue left after oil extraction (i.e., oil cake or meal) being rich in protein be used as livestock feed. It produces 9 k cal energy from 1g of oil per unit in comparison with other diets (carbohydrate and Protein). In a balanced diet for human health 20-25% of calories should come from fats and oils. The protein quality and quantity of B. campestries obtained oil cake is high. (Chowdhury et al., 2014) [4] . Mustard is a high yielding oilseed with a reasonably high content of oil (Riley, 2004) [14] . Mustard seeds have high energy content, having 28-32% oil with relatively high protein content (28-36%). The present research work has been designed to study biochemical analysis as well as their interrelation to the seed yield. Materials and Methods Dry healthy seeds of Brassica juncea (L.) Pusa bold and Bio-902 treated with gamma rays and EMS. The gamma rays treatment of 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300Gy (Co 60 ) was done at BARC Trombay, Mumbai. Each of these treatments were treated with 0.5 per cent aqueous solution of EMS. The M1 generation was raised during 2014-15 and individual plant in each treatment were harvested separately. The harvested seeds were used to raise M2 generation. During rabi 2015-16 mutants were identified from Pusa bold and Bio-902 (M2 generation), these identified mutants along with 2 check (Pusa bold Bio-902.) were used in M3 generation during rabi 2016-17. The true breeding and stable mutants selected from M3 generation were evaluated for biochemical and yield traits in M4 generation in RBD with 3 replications during rabi 2017- 18.The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications consisting of twenty two mutants. Observations on total chlorophyll, N, P, K were recorded at 25,45, and 65 DAS. Observations on seed oil and protein content were also recorded. Simple correlation of all chemical and biochemical parameters with yield was calculated as per following formula.