Returning to Finland after a few months of feldwork in late 1991, I started feeling like I had seen the future in Peru. To be more exact, glimpses of some future scenarios were emerging in Finland. The existence of these scenarios had at least one implication on the global geopolitical order. This implica- tion, for its part, could open new possibilities for a more equal pedagogical relationship between Europe and Latin America. To the extent, attributes normally associated with countries of the Global South become more visible in Europe, Europeans could learn to learn from the South. During the early 1990s, new forms of migration were becoming in- creasingly evident in Finland. The debate on the recently arrived Somalis, Russians and other others in Finland reminded me of earlier debates in Latin America on hybrid cultures (e.g. García Canclini, 1990) and mestizaje, and also of how encounters of cultures may imply both violence and creativity. One Peruvian experience that became useful in the Finnish debates on migration, where the focus was often on the negative aspects of clashes of cultures and the resulting racism, was the musical genre known as chicha in Peru. Chicha, and the related technocumbia sounds, mixed tropical rhythms that had an African element with traditional Andean music and were played with electric guitars made in East Asia. They had become popular in poor neighbourhoods of Lima, until the 1960s considered a relatively “white” city, where migrants from the Andes concentrated. Along with some friends, we initiated projects to use Finnish develop- ment cooperation funds not only to teach the Peruvians on how to become more modern in the European sense but also on learning from these neigh- bourhoods how migration can result in hybridization that enriches places where migrants arrive. Visits to Finland by the Peruvian chicha rock band La Sarita were part of a more general attempt to encourage Finns to learn from Latin America. Emerging phenomena in Finland that could resonate with earlier Latin American experiences was not limited to cultural hybridization. It was also about political economy, especially visible in heterogenization of labour re- lations and unifcation of economic policies vis-à-vis global fnance. Epilogue Latin Americanization of Europe: possibilities for a geopolitical pedagogical transformation Teivo Teivainen