The Interplay between Usability, Sustainability and Green Aspects: A Design Case Study from a Developing Country Shola Oyedeji LUT School of Engineering (LENS) Lappeenranta University of Technology Lappeenranta, Finland shola.oyedeji@lut.fi Bilal Naqvi LUT School of Engineering (LENS) Lappeenranta University of Technology Lappeenranta, Finland syed.naqvi@lut.fi Mikhail O. Adisa IT Service Management Consultant Abuja, Nigeria olamikhx@gmail.com Mariam Abdulkareem LUT School of Energy Systems (LES) Lappeenranta University of Technology Lappeenranta, Finland mariam.abdulkareem@lut.fi Birgit Penzenstadler Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, California State University Long Beach Long Beach, USA LUT School of Engineering (LENS) Lappeenranta University of Technology Lappeenranta, Finland birgit.penzenstadler@csulb.edu Ahmed Seffah Green UX Design Thinking Associates Paris, France ahmed.seffah@green-design.com Abstract— Sustainability and Green ICT are concepts that are usually not engineered into the design and development of ICT systems especially in the developing countries. This paper focuses on an interactive system, the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in Nigeria. Current research concerning ATMs does not consider sustainability and green requirements in the design loop such as how green awareness in design can help support, for example, the reduction of energy consumption and paper wastage while reduc- ing the environmental impact resulting from human computer interaction. This paper considers the specific case of senior citi- zens accompanied with the general problems of adoption, and mastering of the ATM technology, while highlighting the inter- play between usability, green aspects and sustainability of inter- active services. The case study was carried out over a period of two months, using observations, interviews and time experiments to support the findings. Key findings include: (1) poor ATM de- sign affects usability and sustainability due to paper wastage as the consequence of redundant menu, (2) energy wastage is the consequence of multiple iterations during withdrawals, visibility of the status of systems, menu labels, and inconsistency and, (3) poor feedback, learnability and memorability, efficiency as well as aesthetics and user satisfaction resulted in a quest for a better ATM design in Nigeria. Index Terms— Sustainability, Green awareness, Automated Teller Machine, ICT, Usability, User experience, Interactive system I. INTRODUCTION Nigeria, a country with a dense population of over 190 mil- lion people [1] [2], has 53% of her populace with active bank accounts who make use of the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) [3]. According to the World Factbook (2018), the de- mographic distribution of Nigerians aged between 55-64 years is 3.97% and those aged 65 years and above is 3.13% repre- senting a total of 7.1%, while the population within the age bracket of 15-54 years is 50.35% of the current total population of over 190 million [2][4]. Based on these facts, it can be con- strued that the country represents a wide number of ATM users demographically. ATMs were introduced originally to allow financial institu- tions to render transactional services to their clients without directly interacting with bank representatives or tellers [5]. Be- sides, banks in Nigeria have adopted the use of ATMs and strongly encourage their clients to use ATMs for ease of trans- actions because Nigeria has yet to become a fully cashless society [6]. There is an on-going campaign to ease financial transactions through a ‘cashless policy’ and the ATM is ex- pected to play a major role in that by encouraging more usage and decongesting the banking halls. ATMs deployed in Nigeria provide cross-bank and cross-account services as well as per- sonal services. They are aimed at improving service delivery