International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2080 Study the Effect of Process Parameters during Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater Sachin N. Golani 1 , Savan R. Ghelani 2 , Shivamsinh V. Jadav 3 , Kishan M. Kaneria 4 , Prof. Baddi Prasad 5 and Prof. Vishal Kumar Sandhwar 6 1,2,3,4 B.Tech. Chemical Engineering, Parul University 5,6 Asst. Prof., Department of Chemical Engineering, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Disposal of industrial effluent wastewater containing hazardous components like phenol and/or phenolic compounds, unreacted dyes, iron sulphide, bacteria, lactic acid, dissolved salt and other toxic compounds. We have to remove these pollutants to reuse wastewater for industrial purpose. There are so many methods to treat the effluent from industries, but here we use most efficient method electrochemical treatment. In present study, we will take the sample of effluent from textile industries and also select the electrodes that have remarkable binding characteristics to remove pollutants, so special interest was devoted for optimizing its uptake and studying its selectivity properties under static and dynamic conditions. Also, we will study the process parameters such as, effect of pH, conductivity, electrolysis concentration, current density, etc. By using electrochemical method, the pollutants of effluent wastewater are mostly removed. Key Words: EC treatment, wastewater, pH, type of electrode, distance between electrodes, current density, treatment time 1. INTRODUCTION Today, the industrial wastewater is a major problem in nowadays. It may contain hazardous pollutants like phenol and/or phenolic compounds, suspended solids, bacteria, dyes, etc. Because of their poor biodegradability and high toxicity, it must be treated before we discharge or reuse. The Environmental Protection agency (EPA) decided that, the quantity of phenol in the effluent wastewater is must be less than 1 mg/L. There are so many methods to treat wastewater such as biological treatment, activated carbon adsorption, extraction, oxidation and electrochemical methods. These methods have problems such as high cost, low efficiency, generation of toxic compounds. Biological and electrochemical methods are eco friendly methods means no harmful to environment. The electrochemical treatment consists of electro- oxidation, electrocoagulation, electroflotation, etc. Comparing to other methods, it requires less space. It has the advantage of removing the smallest colloidal particles; the smallest charged particles have a greater probability of being coagulated because of the electric field that sets them in motion. It has also the advantage of producing a relatively low amount of sludge. In the present work, the removal of phenol from aqueous solution was investigated using aluminum electrodes. Several parameters, namely initial pH, conductivity, current density, phenol concentration, NaCl concentration and electrolysis time, were investigated for their effects on the removal efficiency. 2. EC TREATMENT Electrocoagulation neutralizes the electrostatic charge on colloidal particles and facilitates coagulation and then separates it from the solution. This treatment also prompts precipitation of some of the metal sand salts. It involves the situ generation of coagulants by dissolving electrically either aluminum or iron ions from aluminum or iron electrodes, respectively. The metal ions generation takes place at the anode; hydrogen gas released from the cathode. The hydrogen gas would also help to float flocculated particles out of the water. In this process Al(OH)3 and Fe(OH)2 were formed. Fig. 2 Electrocoagulation cell The chemical reaction taking place at the anode are given as follows For aluminum anode: Al Al 3+ + 3e - At alkaline conditions Al 3+ + 3OH - Al(OH)3