97 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 J. H. Jameson, S. MusteaĠă (eds.), Transforming Heritage Practice in the 21st Century, One World Archaeology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14327-5_8 Working Alongside: Community Archaeology in Post-native Title Australia A. Buhrich, S. McIntyre-Tamwoy, and S. Greer Introduction The recognition of Australian Indigenous peoples’ “native title rights” 1 in 1992 for- mally acknowledged the deep and unbroken relationship between Aboriginal peo- ple, place and culture. Although community-based archaeology had been practised in Australia since the 1980s, the enactment of native title legislation introduced not only an ethical, but in many cases a legal requirement to work with relevant Indigenous people (known as Traditional Owners in Australia) on cultural heritage research aims, methodology and management of information. The recognition that native title persists has led to other shifts, such as Aboriginal Traditional Owners are now considered as custodians with authority for cultural heritage within their estates, rather than simply stakeholders. The fow on effects of the recognition of native title has given rise to an increase in the incorporation of Indigenous research aspirations and new research partnerships (e.g. Brady and Bradley 2014; Doring and Nyawarra 2014; May et al. 2005; Porr and Bell 2011; Ross and Davidson 2006). 1 “Native title” in the Australian context refers to the common law doctrine of Aboriginal title. This is “the recognition by Australian law that Indigenous people have rights and interests to their land that come from their traditional laws and customs” (National Native Title Tribunal 2010). A. Buhrich () College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University and Tropx Consultants, Townsville, Australia e-mail: alice.buhrich@my.jcu.edu.au S. McIntyre-Tamwoy College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University and Navin Offcer Heritage Consultants, Townsville, Australia S. Greer College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia alice.buhrich@my.jcu.edu.au