Patle Mrunal Bharatlal, Khan Arif; International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology © 2019, www.IJARIIT.com All Rights Reserved Page |1616 ISSN: 2454-132X Impact factor: 4.295 (Volume 5, Issue 3) Available online at: www.ijariit.com Analysis of sub surface water of Khapri village of Nagpur district Mrunal Bharatlal Patle mrunalpatle013@gmail.com Nuva College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra Dr. Arif Khan arif3456@hotmail.com Nuva College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra ABSTRACT In this project, the physicochemical analysis of various physicochemical parameters is carried out for the assessment of groundwater quality. Total of 12 samples was collected from 12 locations of Khapri Village in Kalmeshwar Taluka in Nagpur District of Maharashtra State, India. It comes under Khapri Panchayath. It belongs to the Vidarbh region. These 12 water samples were collected from sampling points whose connection was given to bore wells. Various physicochemical parameters tested were pH, alkalinity, sulfate, nitrate, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, lead content, total solids, total dissolved solids, suspended solids, electrical conductivity, and turbidity. For geo-referencing of study area of Khapari Kothe Village latitude 21°14'35"N and longitude 78°51'14"E was used. The observed values of these physicochemical parameters were compared with World Health Organization standards. The results indicated that the water quality of groundwater is assessed in the study area based on the water quality index model. The drinking water quality results of the Khapri Village, show that the highest water quality was recorded at the Sample no 5 (WQI = 80.218) due to the increases in the human population, agricultural activities and it was very close to septic system, whereas the lowest quality found at Sample no 2 (WQI = 19.075). These water samples were fit for drinking without proper treatment according to standard World Health Organization. Keywords— BIS, Water Quality Index, Physical-chemical parameters, Groundwater 1. INTRODUCTION Water is one of the most important, universal and most precious natural resources. It is essential in the life of all living organisms from the simplest plant and microorganisms to the most complex living system such as of human body. Water is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, with a chemical formula, H2O and it is known to be the most abundant compound (70%) on earth’s surface. It is significant due to its unique chemical and physical properties. Ground water is the major source in India not only for domestic use but also for agriculture and industrial sector. At present scenario, 85% of domestic water requirement in rural areas, 55% of irrigation water requirement of farmers, 50% of domestic water requirement in urban areas and 50% of process water requirement of industries are met by ground water. Ground water is ultimate, most suitable fresh water resource with a nearly balanced concentration of the salts for human consumption. Acceptable ground water quality shows that the ground water should be safe in terms of its physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters. International and local agencies have established parameters to determine t h e biological and physicochemical quality of ground water. It has been estimated that the most common problems in household water supplies are mainly to hardness, fluorides, sulphides, sodium chloride, alkalinity, acidity, disease-producing pathogens such as bacteria and viruses, etc. Thus, if the physico-chemical constituents of ground water used for drinking exceed its maximum permissible limits it causes adverse health effects on mankind. Water plays an important role in all living organism. The chemical formula of water is H2O. It exists in the three states namely solid, liquid and gas. Water is a universal solvent used as media for bio-chemical as well as a chemical reaction. Water is essential for all living organism. Life cannot run without water. On earth 97.2% of water is salty and 2.8% is fresh water from which about 20% constitutes ground water (Rajesh Kumar, 2011). The rapid growth of industrialization, population urbanization spoils the ground water. Once ground water gets polluted, it cannot be restored by stopping the pollutants from their source. According to WHO, about 80% of diseases in a human being are caused by water (Neerja Kalra, 2012). Also, ground water is used by the people throughout the world for various domestic purposes such as drinking, cooking, bathing, etc. So the study of ground water becomes very important lest the people are using ground water which is unsafe. In India, 90% of the rural and nearly 30% of the urban populations depend on groundwater for meeting their drinking and domestic requirements. Therefore, it is desirable to