1 Chapter Title: Local Food Movements: Differing Conceptions of Food, People, and Change Authors’ Names: Samantha E. Noll Department of Philosophy Haverford College Ian Werkheiser Department of Philosophy University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Abstract and Keywords Books and articles supporting a local food movement have become commonplace, with popular authors such as Wendell Berry, Barbara Kingsolver, and Michael Pollan espousing the virtues of eating locally. At the same time, others have critiqued the local food movement as failing to achieve its stated ends or as having negative unintended consequences. In this chapter, we provide a general analysis of local food movements, specifically separating this complex phenomenon into three distinct sub-movements. During this analysis, we pay particular attention to how sub-movements conceptualize people, food, and the roles that individuals, communities, and political institutions play when trying to bring about change. We argue that understanding these sub-movements is necessary for understanding and interacting with both local food’s supporters and its detractors. Keywords: Agriculture Ethics, Farm to Fork, Food Security, Food Sovereignty, Food Studies, Local Food, Locavore Introduction 1 1 Note: this chapter draws on and expands some of the ideas in our: Ian Werkheiser and Samantha Noll. “From Food Jusce to a Tool of the Status Quo: Three Sub-Movements Within Local Food.” Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 27, no. 2 (2014): 201–10. Author’s Draft Published in The Oxford Handbook of Food Ethics Edited by Anne Barnhill, Mark Budolfson, and Tyler Doggett