Proud Flesh: New Afrikan Journal of Culture,
Politics & Consciousness
Vol. 1. 1 (2002)
© Africa Resource Center, Inc., 2002
REVIEW ESSAY: MARSHALL BERMAN, ALL
THAT IS SOLID MELTS INTO THE AIR: THE
EXPERIENCE OF MODERNITY (New York: Pen-
guin Books, 1982).
Gladys M. Jiménez-Muñoz
Marshall Berman intends his book to be a study in the dialectics of moderniza-
tion and modernism (16). He begins by defining these two terms after having
identified what he means by modernity. For Berman, “There is a mode of vital
experience—experience of space and time, of the self and others, of life’s possi-
bilities and perils that is shared by men and women all over the world today. I will
call this body of experience modernity (15). Modernization, however is ... the
social processes that bring this maelstrom into being, and keep it in a state of per-
petual becoming...(16). While modernism is an ensemble of visions, ideas, and
values: These world-historical process have nourished an amazing variety of vi-
sions and ideas that aim to make men and women the subjects as well as the ob-
jects of modernization, to give them the power to change the world that is
changing them, to make their way through the maelstrom and make it their own.
(16) In other words, it seems that, for him, (a) modernization is the social changes
that are constantly taking place in this respect, (b) modernity is the way in which
these changes are immediately lived and experienced (consciously or not), while
(c) modernism is the post-facto reflection and intellectual / artistic / literary / ma-
terial / political / etc. representation of these changes.
Berman has embarked here on an ambitious effort of sociocultural regeneration.
In light of the despair, desolation, and apparent emptiness of the current land-
scape, the author proposes a re-examination and return to the modernism of the
recent past as a way of revitalizing and transforming the present to guarantee the
future:
It may turn out, then, that going back can be a way to go for-
ward: That remembering the modernisms of the nineteenth
century can give us the vision and courage to create the mod-
ernisms of the twenty-first. This act of remembering can help
us bring modernism back to its roots, so that it can nourish and
renew itself, to confront the adventures and dangers that lie