59 Artists who created art movements in Pakistan By Dr. Sadia Arshad Abstract: This article is intended to document the development of art of painting and contributions of the Pakistani artists in this field who chose the profession of teaching art. They influenced the later generations of the artists in Pakistan the most in contrast to the legendary artists like Chughtai and Allah Bukhsh. At the inception of Pakistan, artists like Allah Bukhsh and Abdur Rehman Chughtai were struggling with the unpromising political and economic conditions of a newly born country. These pioneer artists were not able to evolve any particular school of Pakistani art. They were all masters of their own individual styles. The generation of artists of 1960s, 70s and 80s were working on various themes of their own interests and receiving influences from all over the world, especially from the western side because of the pedagogical efforts of those artists who were trained in the western institutes. Among those artists Anna Molka Ahmad, Shakir Ali, Colin David and Khalid Iqbal were the inspiring teachers who shaped the art scene in Pakistan. As the result of Anna Molka Ahmed's enormous contribution in founding fine arts in Pakistan, many artists adopted a 'German Expressionistic" style of painting following the precepts of Edward Munch (1863-1944), which in turn derive from a Dutch Post-impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890). Shakir Ali synthesized a 20 th century cubist style with the elongated forms of Modigliani (1887-1920) and gave birth to a group of followers of abstract ideas of the west. In the presence of these two immense influences Khalid Iqbal and Colin David were successful in making a space for an academic style of realism. So in the last decade of 20 th century Pakistani artists were probing their identity among these three major influences: Expressionism, Abstraction and Realism.