687
© Media Watch 10 (3) 687-701, 2019
ISSN 0976-0911 E-ISSN 2249-8818
DOI: 10.15655/mw/2019/v10i3/49691
Media and YouTube Appeal in Social Movement
Mobilization: The Case of Anti-Tourism Incident
MI NOS-ATHANASI OS KARYOTAKI S
1
, MATI NAKI OUREXI DOU
2
,
& NI KOS ANTONOPOULOS
3
1
Hong Kong Baptist University
2
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
3
Ionian University, Greece
Spain has become the second most popular destination in the world, and the city
of Barcelona has experienced several incidents characterized by anti-tourism
sentiment. One of them was the ‘tourist go home’ movement, which attracted
interest throughout the world. In this study, quantitative and empirical approaches
were used to collect and analyzed the sample. The analyses were conducted
focusing on specific characteristics of YouTube videos. This research highlights
the dynamic of a brand-new “anti-tourist” emotion and movement, which is linked
to mass tourism and to renting platforms such as Airbnb. Additionally, the conducted
study tried to analyze this new social phenomenon, paying simultaneous attention
to the YouTube platform as a propaganda tool and the use of hate speech as a
weapon against individuals. Subsequently, it is believed that the examined issue
influences social media companies, social movements, the tourism industry,
journalists, state, and non-state actors.
Keywords: Fake identities, hate speech, propaganda, social media, social movement,
tourist go home, YouTube
‘See how they feel when the money from tourist stop[s] coming in and when all the nice,
well-mannered Muslim immigrants come in. The Muslims took over Spain once, and they
didn’t learn their lesson. Well, time for history to repeat itself’ (‘Tourists go home’ say
Spanish locals in the backlash to holiday boom, YouTube comment, 2016). This is a comment
from one of the 45 examined YouTube videos that were uploaded online. It is related to the
‘tourist go home’ social movement. The name of the video is ‘Tourists go home’ say Spanish
locals in the backlash to holiday boom , and the uploader is the verified account of the
popular news organization Euronews.
The reactions above are associated with the phenomenon of mass tourism and its
consequences. Spain has become the second most popular destination in the world
(Castano, 2018). As a result, the more than 9 million overnight tourists (Statista, 2018) that
are on vacation in Barcelona each year have provoked several incidents that are
characterized by anti-tourism sentiment. For instance, graffiti such as ‘Why call it tourist
season if we can’t shoot them?’ has appeared throughout the city. Also, the slogan ‘Tourist
go home’ emerged as graffiti on the walls of the city approximately four years ago (2014)
to demonstrate the hatred of the local population for the growing number of tourists.
Correspondence to: Minos-Athanasios Karyotakis, School of Communication, Hong Kong
Baptist University, Communication and Visual Arts Building 5, Hereford Road, Kowloon
Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.