 Corresponding author. e-mail: a Ranto Ranto rantopalempat@gmail.com b Gusti Indah gusti.indah7@yahoo.co.id c Rendy Rendy rendy@mail.ugm.ac.id d Sandy pratama sandy_djarib@yahoo.co.id The 3 rd Environment and Natural Resources International Conference (ENRIC 2018) Socioeconomic and Environment Challenges of Artisanal and Small-Scale Tin Mining Sectors in Bangka Barat Regency, Bangka Belitung, Indonesia Ranto Ranto a* , Gusti Indah b Rendy Rendy c Sandy Pratama d a Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Bangka Belitung, Indonesia b Department of Community and Rural Governance, Bangka Barat Government, Indonesia c Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Bangka Belitung, Indonesia d Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Bangka Belitung, Indonesia Abstract This paper attempts to investigate and elaborate the dynamism of Artisanal and Small Scale Mining (ASM) in Bangka Barat Regency, Bangka Belitung Province, Indonesia – most notably, the socioeconomic and environment challenges under Indonesia’s Reform Era. Some questions embedded to ASM, whether this sector is short-term income gains at the local level can translate into medium and long-term poverty reduction or whether ASM gains outweigh its often-severe socioeconomic and environmental drawbacks. Qualitative method was used as research method with interviews, observations and document analysis were used in data collection stage. Some findings are confirmed important facts, firstly, the most significant environment degradation to ASM activities are deforestation and land degradation, erosion, biodiversity loss and water pollution from dumped tailings, alluvial river damage, acid rock drainage and river siltation. Secondly, Artisanal and Small Scale Miners’ knowledge in terms of environment impacts due to their activities are very low. They got the information only from local newspapers, friends, and NGOs. It is believed that environment not become their mainly concern. Thirdly, environment assignments are not the priority of mining activities. Not only miners itself, local government also paid minimal attention to the need for maintaining environment degradation in ASM sectors. It is worsen by most of the reclamation attempts by government and large companies have failed due to weak of law