Architecture Research 2019, 9(3): 51-62
DOI: 10.5923/j.arch.20190903.01
The Types and Locations of Informal Housing in
Al-Mafraq City of Jordan
Abdelmajeed Rjoub
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Albayt University, Al-Mafraq, Jordan
Abstract The study aims to focus on the informal housing types and locations in the city of Al-Mafraq of Jordan. The
research followed the survey and analytical method, based on the study and analysis of maps and statistical data issued mainly
by the Department of Lands and Survey and the Jordanian Department of Statistics and processing them with GIS software.
The study revealed the existence of 5 types of informal housing that distributed over 8 residential districts in the city. The
main reason for its existence was the absence of a comprehensive planning for land use that accommodates the new
population as well as the inability of the authorities to control the growth of the city considering citizens' non-compliance
with building codes and regulations. The study recommends the need for a new master plan for the city to control the trends of
its expansion, the identification of land uses in non-organized areas and to intervene in the sorting of large areas and common
property lands to cut the spread of informal housing.
Keywords Informal Housing, Outskirt Areas, Land Property, City Planning
1. Introduction
According to the United Nations 2018 World
Urbanization Prospects report, more people of the global live
in urban areas than in rural areas and 66% of the world’s
population will live in cities by 2050 and most urbanization
will occur in Africa and Asia (United Nations, 2018). The
population of the Arab world is on the verge of shifting from
being predominantly rural to urban. As of 2010, more than
half of the Arab world’s human population has resided in
urban areas, and by 2050, urban inhabitants will account for
approximately 75% of the Arab world’s population (Mirkin
2010). In this context, Jordan experienced a high rate of
urbanization during the last five decades leading to
concentration of population in the main cities (Makhamreh
2011).
Since 2000 the housing market in Jordan has witnessed
unexpected increase in demand with numbers of housing
units. The main and major reasons for the housing and
residential higher demand were; the high demographic and
population growth of over than 80% on one hand, and on the
other the migration of huge numbers of Iraqis, as result of the
2
nd
Gulf War in 2003, and now with wave of Syrian refugees
migrating due to the Syrian crisis. Those reasons have driven
* Corresponding author:
rjoub@aabu.edu.jo (Abdelmajeed Rjoub)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/arch
Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Scientific & Academic Publishing
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
prices of lands, houses, apartments, and all the suitable flats
and dwellings to very high and expensive prices (Saho and
Shukair 2017).
On the national level, the Housing and Urban
Development Corporation (HUDC) had formulated a
National Housing Strategy (NHS) that has approved by
government of Jordan earlier in 1989 (HUDC 2018). The
NHS stated that there was a vast oversupply of vacant
serviced residential land in the major Jordanian cities, but
this land cannot be used for moderate or low-income housing
and there is a corresponding shortage of vacant, serviced
land which is appropriate for middle and moderate-income
families, and no legal plots which are small enough to be
affordable by low income families (Ministry of Planning
1987). The strategy lacks the idea of comprehensive and
pre-planning long-term land use, which aims to enable the
preservation of natural resources and agricultural lands and
directing urbanization to avoid them, it also does not mention
the mechanisms that dealing with the existing urban fabric in
urban centres (Al-Nusair, 2004). The housing public sector
plays a limited though important role in providing housing
for specific population target groups. These include low
income families in both urban and rural areas, Government
employees and military personnel, and residents of the
Jordan valley. The most recently a “Decent Home for A
Decent Living” initiative was launched in early 2008 by a
Royal Decree to provide affordable residential units, with
competitive funding schemes, for all citizens (Al-oun et al
2010). The private sector has also become active in low-cost
housing projects, with two of the most prominent being: Ahl
Al-Azem project, which includes 15,000 apartments and 800