International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research Vol.1; Issue: 2; April-June 2016 Website: www.gkpublication.in/ijshr Review Article ISSN: 2455-7587 International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research (www.gkpublication.in) 45 Vol.1; Issue: 2; April-June 2016 A Review on Studies and Research on Manganese Removal Sunil J. Kulkarni Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Airoli, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Received: 14/04/2016 | Revised: 04/05/2016 | Accepted: 04/05/2016 ABSTRACT Water treatment is one of the key areas in the pollution engineering. Removal of organic and inorganic matter is essential for environmental conservation. Various conventional treatment techniques include physical, chemical and advanced treatment processes. The removal of metal ions from wastewater is widely investigated research area. Manganese and iron are two such heavy metals. Manganese removal is difficult because of its high solubility. Various chemical and biological methods can be used for manganese removal. These methods include biosorption, adsorption, biological methods, chemical methods and precipitation. Current review summarizes research and studies on manganese removal. Key words: microfiltration, optimum dose, pH, nanoparticles, concentration. INTRODUCTION Sustainable development calls for effective removal of various metals from wastewater by using environmental friendly techniques. Conventional treatment plant includes primary, secondary and tertiary treatments. Removal of various metal ions is important aspect of these treatment methods. Removal of organic matter is also widely investigated area of research. Organic matter is expressed as chemical oxygen demand (COD). Various biological methods are investigated for COD removal with satisfactory results. [1-3] For COD removal, adsorption by low cost adsorbent is also effective alternative. [4-6] Heavy metal removal also can be carried out by using various adsorbents. [7-9] For heavy metals also, biological and membrane techniques were found to be effective. [10,11] Manganese is one of the metals with high solubility in water. Various investigators have studied various physical, chemical and biological treatments for its removal. Current review summarizes research and studies for manganese removal from water. RESEARCH AND STUDIES ON MANGANESE REMOVAL Kan et. al. carried out an investigation on removal of iron and manganese by aeration, chlorine oxidation and microfiltration (MF). [12] They studied the factors such as oxidant doses, pH and reaction. They observed that the pH value greater than 7 has positive effect on the removal. The optimum dose of 3 mg/l of NaOCl was required for 90 percent removal of manganese. Pires et.al. carried out an investigation on chlorine oxidation for manganese removal from wastewater. [13] They used chlorine oxidation followed by clarification. They investigated the simultaneous removal of arsenic [As (V) or As (III)] and manganese [Mn (II)] from natural waters. By using clarification it was possible to remove up to 27 percent of manganese. Manganese removal reached 77 percent when they used chlorination. Beh et. al. carried out an investigation aimed at studying characteristic and behavior of manganese removal by using Electric Arc Furnace(EAF) slag for efficient metal removal. [14] They investigated removal characteristics in terms of sorption kinetics and isotherm. They observed that second order rate equation describes the removal kinetics for manganese. Also it obeyed the Langmuir kinetics. For initial concentration of 20-120 mg/l, the contact time required was 3-4 hours.