International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 2 Issue 4, July – Aug 2019
Available at www.ijsred.com
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page 722
Design and Development of a Brushless Direct
Current Motor
Chandan Das
1
, Md. Barkat Ullah
2
, M. Asaduzzaman
2
, Syeed Ashraf
3
, Humayun Kabir
1
,
Md. Abdul Mannan Chwdhury
1
1
Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.
2
Dept. of Physics, Bangladesh Army University of Engineering & Technology , Qadirabad Cantonment, Natore, Bangladesh.
3
Bangladesh School Sohar, Sohar, Oman.
Abstract: The objective of the present work is to design and develop a brushless dc motor (BLDC).With the knowledge acquired from
various magnetic designs and its power a motor has been built. The primary goal and focus is to be able to make a fully functioning
motor. Once it is determined what type of material is to make the stator and other portions of the motor out of a reasonable size and
power output is estimated. Using a general radial flux motor concept, the design is refined through calculations while keeping in mind
the limitations of machining. This proved to be very difficult given the type of material that should to be machined. After many checks
and calculations the final design was approved and parts was ordered. Using this radial flux motor design, all parts are manufactured
using various machines; lathes, end mails, band saws, CNC mills, etc. from one single piece of bar stock steel. To power the designs
stellaries, Texas Instrument, one phase BLDC motor controller is used. The motor has been modified to accommodate the Hall Effect
sensors necessary to operate the controller. As will be shown throughout the research, many difficulties and frustrations are
encountered during design and machining of the motor. It will be thoroughly explained through this research that the theories and
practices in both magnetic design and electrical circuit theory can be manipulated into a device that changes electrical energy into
mechanical energy.
Keywords: BLDC motor, Stator, Rotor, Hall sensor, Low Voltage Power Supply.
I. Introduction
The concept behind converting electrical energy into
mechanical energy has been known since the late 1820’s when
the first electric motor was successfully tested. These concepts
over the years have been improved upon, but for the most part
have remained the same. This applies to design of electric
motors. Over the years there have been many upon many
design changes to improve efficiency and output power,
however the theories motor used today these basic and
fundamental magnetic and electrical properties hold constant
and are demonstrated through this research.
Electric motors are everywhere in world today. The world
as we know it exists because of the electric motor. From the
Hoover dam to our laptop computer there is an electric motor
serving a purpose. From the beginning, motors have been used
to improve the everyday life of the people on the Earth. They
generate thousands upon thousands of kilowatts of electricity
of power homes, factories, televisions, computers,
microwaves, etc. They allow for one man to move thousands
of pounds of material from one place to another replacing the
need for twenty men to do the same job, just by using a simple
hydraulic system with a motor. In today’s world electric
motors power cars that can go from zero to sixty miles/hour in
no more than a few seconds. Motors are essential to today’s
way of life and make life easier as we know it.
As of today there are over 15 types of various DC and AC
motors that all serve the purpose of converting electrical
energy into mechanical energy or vice versa[1]. Of these
many different one design in particular was chosen for this
research. It displays the basic magnetic and electrical
principles as mentioned earlier and is composed of a design
that fits the overall goal this research.
The brushless direct current (BLDC) permanent magnet
motor was chosen to demonstrate the theories and practices
behinds electric motors. These particular types of motors are
known for their high durability due to simplicity in design,
and high RPM capabilities. BLDC motors have both small and
large applications. For example, in every computer there is a
hard drive. A hard drive consists of spinning disk that is
powered by a small BLDC motor to rotate the hard drive disks
at very fast speeds [2]. On the other hand with the newly
developed hybrid cars coming out along with a small fuel
efficient engine there are typically two or even four BLDC
motors located on either the axel or each individual wheel [3].
Both of these motors are similar to this design in that they
both run off of permanent magnets. This particular design is in
between these two extreme (small, large) types of motors. The
design although simple has been made extremely difficult
when all aspects of a motor were to be taken into account and
designed from scratch. The goal is a twelve volt, quarter
horsepower design.
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS