Research Article
Estimation of Impact Loads in a Hydraulic Breaker by
Transfer Path Analysis
Changheon Song,
1,2
Dae Ji Kim,
2
Jintai Chung,
1
Kang Won Lee,
2
Sang Seuk Kweon,
2
and Young Ky Kang
3
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 1271 Sa-1-Dong, Ansan, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
2
Construction Equipment R&D Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Gyeongsan-si, Republic of Korea
3
R&D Center Breaker Development Team, Soosan Heavy Industries Co., Ltd, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea
Correspondence should be addressed to Sang Seuk Kweon; sskweon@kitech.re.kr
Received 13 June 2017; Accepted 27 August 2017; Published 22 November 2017
Academic Editor: Filippo Ubertini
Copyright © 2017 Changheon Song et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Te aim of this study is to estimate the impact loads delivered to the housing of a hydraulic breaker quantitatively. Striking forces
caused vibrations in the equipment housing, which were experimentally measured, and frequency response functions were also
found through modal impact experiments. Transfer path analysis (TPA) method of the data quantifed the impact loads delivered
to the housing. TPA method can analyze the relationship between the vibration energy and the transfer path of an excitation source
and so explore the way in which vibrations on each path contribute to the entire vibration profle. Te impact loads of each part
derived by TPA method were compared with the impact loads in the chisel derived from strain gauge measurements of the striking
energy. Tis comparison validated the TPA approach. Tis study describes the basic concepts and components of TPA method and
also reviews its applicability to mechanical equipment that experiences impact vibrations and impact loads.
1. Introduction
Hydraulic breakers have various uses. For example, excava-
tors ofen use them to fracture the ground or bedrock to
produce materials or aggregates or to demolish structures
(Figure 1(a)) [1, 2]. A hydraulic breaker comprises a direc-
tional valve to control the direction of fuid fow, an accumu-
lator to store the hydraulic energy and to supply the required
fow during operation, a back head flled with nitrogen gas,
pistons for delivering the striking energy to the chisel while
performing a reciprocal motion, and a chisel that breaks the
subject material directly. Te hydraulic breaker is mounted on
an excavator by a coupler (Figure 1(b)). Te hydraulic breaker
is a typical attachment commonly found at industrial and
construction sites. As modern industrial technology devel-
ops, consumers demand higher standards. Terefore, indus-
trial and construction equipment now requires high struc-
tural stability as well as intelligence, performance, and ef-
ciency.
Recent studies of hydraulic breakers include the work
of Ficarella et al. [3–5], who used a 1D simulation and
experimental tests to investigate the performance and design
of a hydraulic breaker. Several other studies have focused on
improving performance, reducing the weight of the housing,
and optimizing vibration and noise [6–8]. However, few
studies have sought to quantify the impact loads delivered to
the housing, even though these loads are closely related to
the durability of the equipment. Among the numerous factors
that determine the performance of a hydraulic breaker (the
hydraulic circuit and the design of the striking piston, shuttle
valve, etc.), the structural stability of the housing is directly
related to the durability and lifespan of the equipment,
making it one of the most important design factors. Hence, to
predict the lifespan of the equipment and the durability of the
housing efectively, the impact loads delivered to the housing
during striking should be analyzed. Such analysis is impor-
tant, because a hydraulic breaker ofen experiences extreme
conditions in its various applications that see it constantly
enduring impact vibrations and impact loads.
Tere are many methods for measuring static and impact
loads such as using force sensors or strain gauges. Static
Hindawi
Shock and Vibration
Volume 2017, Article ID 8564381, 15 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8564381