JSNT 29.4 (2007) 379-413 Copyright © 2007 SAGE Publications
(Los Angeles, London, New Delhi and Singapore) http://JSNT.sagepub.com
DOI: 0142064X07078990
The Madness of King Jesus:
Why was Jesus Put to Death, but his Followers were not?
Justin J. Meggitt
Institute of Continuing Education, University of Cambridge
Madingley Hall, Madingley, Cambridge, CB3 8AQ
jjm1000@cam.ac.uk
Abstract
To argue that Jesus of Nazareth was put to death by the Roman authorities
because they believed him to be a royal pretender of some kind, fails to explain
satisfactorily why he was killed but his followers were not. A possible solution
to this conundrum, which is supported by neglected contextual data, is that the
Romans thought Jesus of Nazareth to be a deranged and deluded lunatic.
Key Words
Jesus, death, madness, king
Stating the Conundrum
‘They called me mad, and I called them mad, and damn them, they out
voted me’. Nathaniel Lee.
1
That Jesus of Nazareth was put to death by the Romans on a cross is one
of those rare pieces of biographical data that is almost entirely uncontested.
It is, of course, multiply attested in the earliest Christian and non-Christian
sources
2
and it was not doubted by any of the critics of the new religion.
3
Crucifixion was an ignoble and unappealing end, and one that it is hard to
imagine anyone in the early church would have wanted to fabricate about
1. Nathaniel Lee was a seventeenth-century dramatist who spent a number of
years confined in Bedlam (Porter 1987: 3). The earliest play he had performed was
entitled Nero.
2. Josephus, Ant. 18.63; Tacitus, Annals 15.44.
3. Traditions that Jesus was stoned to death by fellow Jews and then hung
(b. Sanh. 43a) are late and probably reflect subsequent anti-Christian polemic in
which Jesus was accused of having been a false prophet (Deut. 13.1-11; see also
Deut. 21.21-22, m. Sanh. 6.4; Toledoth Jeshu).
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