~ 706 ~
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7(5): 706-710
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2019; 7(5): 706-710
© 2019 JEZS
Received: 07-07-2019
Accepted: 09-08-2019
VK Bhamare
Department of Agricultural
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Latur, Maharashtra,
India
RD Dhembare
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
AS Ingale
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
KV Deshmukh
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
SH Shelke
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
Correspondence
VK Bhamare
Department of Agricultural
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Latur, Maharashtra,
India
Impact of abiotic factors on population dynamics
of Thysanoplusia orichalcea (Fabricius) and Mocis
undata (Fabricius) infesting sole sunflower and
sunflower intercropped with pigeonpea
VK Bhamare, RD Dhembare, AS Ingale, KV Deshmukh and SH Shelke
Abstract
The investigations conducted at Research Farm of Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Latur (VNKMV, Parbhani) during kharif-2017 revealed that Thysanoplusia orichalcea
(Fabricius) and Mocis undata (Fabricius) were major semilooper pests observed on sunflower and
sunflower intercropped with pigeonpea. The peak population of T. orichalcea was exhibited on sole
sunflower and sunflower intercropped with pigeonpea during 35
th
(3.2 larvae per quadrat) and 34
th
SMW
(2.6 larvae per quadrat), respectively. The larval population T. orichalcea infesting sole sunflower
indicated a positive correlation with rainfall, maximum temperature and beforenoon relative humidity,
whereas number of rainy days showed negative correlation with larval population. T. orichalcea larval
population infesting sunflower intercropped with pigeonpea demonstrated a positive correlation with
rainfall and afternoon relative humidity while, negative correlation with number of rainy days. The
population of M. undata reached to its peak on sole sunflower and sunflower intercropped with
pigeonpea during 33
th
(1.6 larvae per quadrat) and 31
st
SMW (1.0 larva per quadrat), respectively. The
larval population of M. undata infesting sole sunflower indicated a positive correlation with rainfall and
beforenoon relative humidity, whereas number of rainy days, minimum temperature and afternoon
relative humidity showed negative correlation with larval population. The larval population of M. undata
infesting sunflower intercropped with pigeonpea evidenced a positive correlation with rainy days and
minimum temperature while, negative correlation with rainfall, beforenoon and afternoon relative
humidity.
Keywords: Thysanoplusia orichalcea, Mocis undata, population dynamics, abiotic factors
Introduction
Sunflower, Helianthus annus Linnaeus (Family Compositae or Asteraceae) is photo-
insensitive crop, grown across the globe primarily for its seeds, oil and meal. It is not only
cultivated as an ornamental plant but also fulfills the demand of feed and fuel. The sunflower
oil is high in unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E and plant sterols and; low in saturated fatty
acids (Bonos et al., 2011)
[5]
. Sunflower is well known for its phytoremediation potential as
efficiently remove pollutants from soil and water (Luqueno et al., 2014)
[13]
. Worldwide,
sunflower is cultivated over an area of more than 26.20 million hectares in about 70 countries
with 47.34 million tonnes of production and 1806.7 kg per ha of productivity during 2016
(FAOSTAT, 2018)
[6]
. In India, sunflower is cultivated on an area of 0.40 million hectares with
0.33 million tonnes of production and 830 kg per hectare of productivity during 2016
(FAOSTAT, 2018)
[6]
. In Maharashtra, sunflower is grown on an area of 0.61 lakh hectare with
27.67 thousand tonnes of production and 407 kg per hectare of productivity during 2014-2015
(Anonymous, 2015)
[1]
.
Sunflower is referred as high-risk crop because of potential losses from insects, diseases,
weeds and birds (Knodel et al., 2015)
[12]
. In India sunflower is damaged by more than fifty
insect-pests. Among them, defoliating semiloopers play significant role in vegetative stage of
crop. Thysanoplusia orichalcea (Fabricius) and Mocis undata (Fabricius) are reported as
regular and key pests of sunflower in Marathwada region of Maharashtra state. The loss in
seed yield due to defoliators was estimated to the tune of 58.06 per cent per ha in a rain fed
Kharif sunflower (Suhas et al., 1996)
[17]
.