International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 09 | Sep 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 873 A Comprehensive Study in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithms Mirza Samiulla Beg, Dr. Akhilesh A. Waoo 1 PhD. Scholar, Department of Computer Science, AKS University, Satna(M.P.) 2 Head, Department of Computer Science, AKS University, Satna(M.P.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Artificial bee colony algorithm could be a good optimization algorithm supported the bee's acquisition model. This review proposed a comprehensive study in wireless sensor networks (WSN) using an artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. Finally, this paper compares various bees' algorithm with testing on optimization problems. The results of various algorithms shown that the algorithm proved to be effective to improve the search performance and advanced optimization problem. 1. Introduction In recent years an efficient design of a Wireless Sensor Network has become a leading area of research. A Sensor is a device that responds and detects some type of input from both the physical or environmental conditions, such as pressure, heat, light, etc. The output of the sensor is generally an electrical signal that is transmitted to a controller for further processing. 1.1 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are intended for monitoring an environment. The main task of a wireless sensor node is to sense and collect data from a certain domain, process them and transmit it to the sink where the application lies[1].In the wireless sensor networks, the queue mechanism is adopted which is used for the transmission of the data packets. If heavy traffic load condition occurs, then queue handling capacity of the sensor node is not efficient which may cause a data queue overflow in the sensor nodes, lost. So that efficiency and reliability in the transmission of data cannot be obtained. The sensor nodes create the energy hole in the routing path, this is then created by multiple hops operation which is based on relaying the data packets [2]. Because of this energy holes, the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks is greatly reduced. Wireless sensor networks can be used for many mission-critical applications such as target tracking in battlefields and emergency response. In these applications, the reliable and timely delivery of sensory data plays a crucial role in the success of the mission.[1] The major problem with wireless sensor networks is their limited source of energy, the coverage constraint, and high traffic load. Routing of sensor data has been one of the challenging areas in wireless sensor network research.[2] 1.2 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) A Wireless sensor network can be defined as a network of devices that can communicate the information gathered from a monitored field through wireless links. The data is forwarded through multiple nodes, and with a gateway, the data is connected to other networks like wireless Ethernet. WSN is a wireless network that consists of base stations and numbers of nodes (wireless sensors). These networks are used to monitor physical or environmental conditions like sound, pressure, temperature and co-operatively pass data through the network to the main location. 1.3 WSN Network Topologies For radio communication networks, the structure of a WSN includes various topologies like the ones given below Star Topologies Star topology is a communication topology, where each node connects directly to a gateway. A single gateway can send or receive a message to several remote nodes. In star topologies, the nodes are not permitted to send messages to each other. This allows low-latency communications between the remote node and the gateway (base station). Due to its dependency on a single node to manage the network, the gateway must be within the radio transmission range of all the individual nodes. The advantage includes the ability to keep the remote nodes' power consumption to a minimum and simply under control. The size of the network depends on the number of connections made to the hub. Tree Topologies Tree topology is also called as a cascaded star topology. In tree topologies, each node connects to a node that is placed higher in the tree, and then to the gateway. The main advantage of the tree topology is that the expansion of a network can be easily possible, and also error detection becomes easy. The disadvantage with this network is that it relies heavily on the bus cable; if it breaks, all the network will collapse. Mesh Topologies The Mesh topologies allow transmission of data from one node to another, which is within its radio transmission range. If a node wants to send a message to another node, which is out of the radio communication range, it needs an