© koninklijke brill nv, leiden, | doi:./-
Journal for Continental
Philosophy of Religion () –
brill.com/jcpr
Kristeva’s Rewriting of Totem and Taboo
and Religious Fundamentalism
Kelly Oliver
Vanderbilt University
kelly.oliver@vanderbilt.edu
Abstract
With the upsurge in various forms of religion, especially dogmatic forms that kill in the
name of good versus evil, there is an urgent need for intellectuals to acknowledge and
analyze the role of religion in contemporary culture and politics. If there is to be any
hope for peace, we need to understand how and why religion becomes the justification
for violence. In a world where religious intolerance is growing, and the divide between
the secular and the religious seems to be expanding, Julia Kristeva’s writings bridge
the gap and once again provide a path where others have seen only an impasse. Her
approach is unique in its insistent attempt to understand the violence both contained
and unleashed by religion. Moreover, she rearticulates a notion of the sacred apart from
religious dogmatism, a sense of the sacred that is precisely lacking in fundamentalism.
Keywords
religious fundamentalism – psychoanalysis and religion sublimation – Kristeva –
Freud
In her discussions of religion, Julia Kristeva often draws a distinction between
the sacred and the religious in order to highlight the ways the sacred can oper-
ate as an antidote to religious fundamentalism. Religious fundamentalism fixes
the sacred and makes it dogmatic, and by doing so, can become the justification
for religious violence. As we will see, Kristeva calls this perversion of the sacred,
the malady of ideality. Only by holding open the possibility of questioning and
reinterpretation, and the constant process of binding, unbinding, and rebind-
ing affects to words, do we avoid fundamentalism. The embrace of ambiguity