Vol:.(1234567890)
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics (2018) 29:20840–20855
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-0227-2
1 3
Green synthesis of antibacterial bimetallic Ag–Cu nanoparticles
for catalytic reduction of persistent organic pollutants
Muhammad Ismail
1
· M. I. Khan
1
· Shahid Ali Khan
3,4
· Mughal Qayum
2
· Murad Ali Khan
1
· Yasir Anwar
6
·
Kalsoom Akhtar
7
· Abdullah M. Asiri
4,5
· Sher Bahadar Khan
4,5
Received: 22 June 2018 / Accepted: 13 October 2018 / Published online: 24 October 2018
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract
In this report, we used facile, active, cheap, re-usable and high surface area catalyst for the synthesis of green substrate
turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder support mixed silver copper (Ag–Cu/TP), copper nickel (Cu–Ni/TP) and nickel silver
(Ni–Ag/TP) nanoparticles. For nanoparticles synthesis the turmeric powder were kept in 0.5 M aqueous metal salt solu-
tion and then treated with aqueous solution of NaBH
4
for in situ conversion of metal ions into their nanoparticles. Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray difraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Field emission
scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confrm the formation of nanoma-
terials. Silver mix nanoparticles show excellent activities against Escherichia coli (E. coli). The prepared nanoparticles were
employed for the reduction of fuoroquinolone antibiotics ciprofoxacin (CIP) and levofoxacin (LVO) as well as for Methyl
orange (MO), Congo red (CR), Methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes. Ag–Cu/TP catalyst showed excellent
catalytic activity for the reductive transformation of antibiotics as well as for the remediation of MO, CR, MB and RhB
dyes. The rate constants of pseudo frst order reaction for CIP and LVO were 1.27 × 10
−3
s
−1
and 1.52 × 10
−3
s
−1
respectively.
Ag–Cu/TP also showed excellent recyclability till the 5th cycle for MO reduction. The abundant nature, low cost, excellent
reusability and efective catalytic degradation make Ag–Cu/TP suitable candidates for the reduction of organic molecules.
1 Introduction
Nanotechnology is an attractive area of science that the
ofering materials showing structural characteristics between
those of bulk materials and atoms in which one of its dimen-
sions is at least in the nano range. Research on nanoparticles
has been increased extensively due to their remarkable opti-
cal, chemical, physical, mechanical, electrical and magnetic
properties [1]. Green chemistry is the use of chemical tech-
niques, routes and methodologies that decrease or eradicate
the use or production of feedstock’s, products, byproducts,
reagents and solvents, etc. that are detrimental to human
health or to their environment. Thus, the main objective of
green chemistry is the reduction of hazardous substances
associated with processes and products that are crucial to
the economy of the world and to maintain the quality of life
that we enjoy through green chemistry [2, 3].
Worldwide demands for development of environmentally
friendly, cost-efective and novel approaches of chemical
processes are required for pollution control. The growing
development of green chemistry is due to the fact that ecof-
riendly processes are economically and environmentally on
* Sher Bahadar Khan
sbkhan@kau.edu.sa
1
Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science &
Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
2
Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science &
Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
3
Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar,
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23561, Pakistan
4
Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research,
King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589,
Saudi Arabia
5
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
6
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science,
King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80203, Jeddah 21589,
Saudi Arabia
7
Division of Nano Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ewha
Womans University, Seoul, South Korea