Safiyya Hosein is a Ph.D. candidate in the joint program in Communication and Culture at Ryerson
University and York University in Toronto. She is an intersectional feminist scholar who specializes
in Muslim superhero representation and Muslim audiences. Her dissertation project is an audience
study of young adult participatory Muslim consumers of Muslim comic book superheroes and she
is a recipient of the RBC Immigrant, Diversity and Inclusion Project research grant. She was chosen
by Vice Media’s Motherboard for their “Humans of the Year” series for both her dissertation project
and comic book writing in 2017. She can be reached at shosein30@gmail.com.
The Popular Culture Studies Journal, Vol. 7, No. 2
Copyright © 2019
56
The “Worlding” of the Muslim Superheroine: An
Analysis of Ms. Marvel’s Kamala Khan
SAFIYYA HOSEIN
Muslim women have been a source of speculation for Western audiences from time
immemorial. At first eroticized in harem paintings, they later became the
quintessential image of subservience: a weakling to be pitied and rescued from
savage Brown men. Current depictions of Muslim women have ranged from the
oppressed archetype in mainstream media with films such as The Stoning of Soraya
M (2008) to comedic veiled characters in shows like Little Mosque on the Prairie
(2012). One segment of media that has recently offered promising attempts for
destabilizing their image has been comics and graphic novels which have published
graphic memoirs that speak to the complexity of Muslim identity as well as
superhero comics that offer a range of Muslim characters from a variety of cultures
with different levels of religiosity.
This paper explores the emergence of the Muslim superheroine in comic books
by analyzing the most developed Muslimah (Muslim female) superhero: the
rebooted Ms. Marvel superhero, Kamala Khan, from the Marvel Comics Ms.
Marvel series. The analysis illustrates how the reconfiguration of the Muslim
female archetype through the “worlding” of the Muslim superhero continues to
perpetuate an imperialist agenda for the Third World. This paper uses Gayatri
Spivak’s “worlding” which examines the “othered” natives and the global South as
defined through Eurocentric terms by imperialists and colonizers. By interrogating
Kamala’s representation, I argue that her portrayal as a “moderate” Muslim
superheroine with Western progressive values can have the effect of reinforcing