Mohan Kumar et al. 2018. Int. J. Vehicle Structures & Systems , 10(5), 324-328 International Journal of Vehicle Structures & Systems Available online at www.maftree.org/eja ISSN: 0975-3060 (Print), 0975-3540 (Online) doi: 10.4273/ijvss.10.5.03 © 2018. MechAero Foundation for Technical Research & Education Excellence 324 Numerical Investigation of Pressure Drop for Various Models of Catalytic Converter to Capture CO 2 Emission using Activated Carbon S. Mohan Kumar a and S. Satish b Dept. of Automobile Engg., Kumaraguru College of Tech., Coimbatore, India a Corresponding Author, Email: mohankumars.auto@kct.ac.in b Email: satish.s.auto@kct.ac.in ABSTRACT: Internal combustion engines are found to be extensively used in both mobile and stationary applications. The major drawbacks in diesel engines are the release of harmful gases like HC, CO, NO x and PM into atmosphere. There is several pre combustion and post combustion techniques are available to control these emissions effectively. Although CO 2 emissions from I.C engines considered as a regulated emission but it is a leading contributor towards Greenhouse gases. In this work a numerical investigation on backpressure was carried out by varying porosity factor of activated carbon. Activated Carbon seems to be viable substance to capture CO2 emission from diesel exhaust. To evaluate the backpressure an analysis was carried out using CFD ANSYS fluent software. In the present investigation an analysis is carried out by placing activated carbon at three different variations. Then the analysis are done by varying three different porosity percentages 30,35 and 45 by placing activated carbon at three different locations. Final study reveals that activated carbon placed at PC35-3 layout shows optimum backpressure and high filtration efficiency while compared with other two layouts. KEYWORDS: Carbon dioxide; Backpressure; CFD ANSYS; Filtration efficiency CITATION: S. Mohan Kumar and S. Satish. 2018. Numerical Investigation of Pressure Drop for Various Models of Catalytic Converter to Capture CO 2 Emission using Activated Carbon, Int. J. Vehicle Structures & Systems, 10(5), 324-328. doi:10.4273/ijvss.10.5.03. ACRONYMS AND NOMENCLATURE:   Porous Void Volume (mm 3 )   Total Volume (mm 3 ) d chamber diameter(mm) h chamber height (mm) 1. Introduction Due to rapid increase in number of automotive industries in the world, resulted increase in exhaust emissions to the environment. Vehicular emissions such as particulate matter, hydro carbon, carbon dioxides, carbon monoxides and nitrogen oxides are hugely responsible for the air quality deterioration [1]. This emission affects both the human beings and the environment to a greater extent. Automobiles are the second largest source for increasing Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) gas emission in the atmosphere.CO 2 from internal combustion (IC) engines is a desired product which is said to be formed due to the complete combustion of fuel. However CO 2 is also said to be the major source of Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (about 82%).Transportation sector constitutes about 14 % of the total CO 2 emissions [1]. It is necessary to take preventive step to control greenhouse gas emissions from the vehicles. Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is the viable technique to control industrial CO 2 emission, whereas in automobiles, there is no after treatment devices to control CO 2 emission. Absorption, cryogenic distillation, biological methods, adsorption and membrane-based separation are the currently used technologies for CO 2 separation [2]. In the present work an attempt was made to capture CO 2 by using adsorption technique. Conventional solid adsorbents include activated carbons, silica gel, ion- exchange resins, zeolites, meso-porous silicates, activated alumina, metal oxides, carbon fibres, metal- organic frameworks and other surface-modified porous media. A recent review has comprehensively described the adsorbent materials for CO 2 capture from large anthropogenic point sources [3]. In the present work an activated carbon was used to capture CO 2 emission from automobile. A numerical investigation was carried out to evaluate backpressure by placing volumes. Usually IC engines needs some amount of energy for expelling of burnt gases out and admittance of fresh air fuel mixture. During this process gases are pumped from low inlet pressure to higher exhaust pressure this will leads to loss in power. During the exhaust stroke the piston moves from BDC to TDC to send out the burned gases out. The power required to expel the exhaust gases out is termed as exhaust stroke loss and it increases linearly with engine speed. The network output per cycle is depends majorly on the pumping work, which in turn directly proportional to back pressure. In this present work the CFD analysis is carried out to evaluate the backpressure