© 2019 Firas Mahmoud Hayajneh, Hosam Hani Titi, Mufeed Awni Alnimer and Rabie Irshaid. This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0 license. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Original Research Paper Evaluation of Anthelmintics Resistance Against Gastrointestinal Parasites Infection in Awassi Sheep in Jordan and The use of Alternative Herbal Anthelmentics Firas Mahmoud Hayajneh, Hosam Hani Titi, Mufeed Awni Alnimer and Rabie Irshaid Department of Animal Production, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan Article history Received: 17-12-2018 Revised: 30-04-2019 Accepted: 10-05-2019 Corresponding Author: Firas Mahmoud Hayajneh Department of Animal Production, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan Tel: (Mobile) +962778486050 (fixed) +96265355000, ext. 22465, Fax: +96265300806.05- 03-201928-03-2019 E-mail: F_hayajneh@ju.edu.jo Abstract: This study aimed to uncover the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in middle and north Jordan and to check the in vivo anthelmintic efficacy of apple cider vinegar drench and ginger powder. For this purpose a parasitological study was designed, which used fecal egg count reduction test Two hundred seventy ewes were enrolled in this study, twenty sheep farms were enrolled in this study, which had concerns about anthelmintic efficacy. On each farm, 10 sheep were randomly allocated to one of six treatment groups and five for an untreated control group. Fecal samples were collected on day 0 and days 10-14 for worm egg counts and larval differentiation at 6:00 am at the time of milking. Based on the morphometric identification of larvae, Trichostrongylous 85% was the predominant species, Oestertagia 10% and Haemonchous 5%. There was resistant against all species in the used anthelmintic drug, the highest reduction was noticed in the Ivermectin group and the lowest reduction rate was noticed in albendazole groups. There was low resistance against ginger powder and apple cider vinegar which means that they have a strong anthelmintic effect against gastrointestinal parasites. Keywords: Anthelmentic, Resistance, Ginger, Sheep, Parasites, Trichostongylous Introduction Effective anthelmintics are needed for the implementation of integrated parasite control programs, which combine nonpharmacological methods with strategic use of drugs, Monitoring of Fecal Egg Count (FEC), the evaluation of treatment efficacy and the detection of Anthelmintic Resistance (AR) are becoming increasingly important for health programs of grazing livestock (Pena-Espinoza et al., 2014). Anthelmintic Resistance (AR) in gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) has been reported worldwide (Rose et al., 2015). Increasing problems of anthelmentic resistance development which is associated with conventional production systems, which are more reliant on the use of antiparasitic drugs, but less in organic systems, where the prophylactic use of anthelmintics is banned (Hoste et al., 2014), led to the proposal of checking medicinal plants for their anthelmintic activity. Resistance against synthetic anthelmintics for gastrointestinal parasites is a worldwide problem of sheep and goat (Urban et al., 2008; Yashaswini et al., 2016). Haemonchus contortus was the first nematode to develop resistance against the different anthelmintics. The first report of decreased efficacy of thiabendazole against H. contortus was just 3 years after its introduction to the market (Verma et al., 2018), anthelmintic resistance has been reported in number of countries (Hamdullah et al., 2015). This had led farmers to search for alternatives that include the use of medicinal plants to treat and control livestock parasites. There is also some belief that herbal products are safe to use and harmonious with the biological system (Sanhokwe et al., 2016). larger number of plants naturally available possess narrow or broad spectrum anthelmintic activities. For both developed and less developed countries, recognition and development of herbal medicine offer treatment methods that are more environmentally benign apparently do not trigger anthelmintic chemoresistance (Sujon et al., 2008). Zingiber officinale, known as ginger, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae is a familiar spice, which has several medicinal properties. It has been widely used as a